(S. N. Boldyrev)

Tourists should be able to find a safe and comfortable place to rest, quickly set up a tent, and if not, build a temporary shelter, light a fire in any weather.

For any bivouac, they choose a place protected from the wind, a flat, dry place, not far from which there is firewood and water.

For a lunch halt, you need to be located in the shade, for an overnight stay - on a flat area with soft soil.

In the mountains, the camp cannot be located where there can be rockfalls, avalanches, landslides, mud flows (mudflows), where it can be flooded by a mountain river. Before choosing a place for a bivouac, they look for nearby recently fallen (lighter) stones, move away from high cliffs from where rockfall is possible. You should not camp on the moraine; if there is no other way out, it is necessary to choose a flat, not steep area and check whether the stones from the top of the moraine will roll to where the tents are supposed to be set up. Sometimes for a tent you have to level the site.

It is impossible to set up a bivouac in a dry bed of a mountain river or on a shallow near the water itself, since at night rain for several hours, and sometimes tens of minutes, can sharply raise the water level or cause a mud flow.

In the taiga, one should not set up a camp in dense bushes or in coniferous thickets because of the danger of forest fires and mosquitoes. It is necessary to ensure that there are no dry, rotten trees nearby that can be knocked down by the wind. It is better to choose a lodging place for the night in a rare coniferous forest, where the soil is covered with fallen dry needles, and tree branches cannot catch fire from a fire.

Rice. 66. Ways of fastening a tent

In the steppe, parking is made behind a hillock, in a beam, to hide from the wind. In the northern tundra regions, a drier patch can be found on river terraces, rocky or sandy soil elevations.

By the river (during a water trip), the camp should be set up not far from the water, preferably on the shore, illuminated by the sun in the morning.

The site for the night bivouac begins to look after 15-20 minutes before the stop. All participants carry out the work on its organization: one or two kindle a fire, bring water and start cooking, others collect firewood for the evening and morning, set up tents, place things in them. Part of the backpacks, products that did not fit in the tent are put in one place and in case of rain at night they are carefully covered with raincoats or waterproof material. Things should not be scattered throughout the camp in order to avoid their loss in stones, grass or sand. Axes are always stored in the same place.

For a tent, choose a flat area without bumps, pits and stumps, remove all knots and stones. The site must be horizontal: even a slight slope will interfere with normal rest. If the tent is set up next to trees, you can tie guy lines behind some of them (Fig. 66).

Dry leaves, small dry twigs, grass, ferns, reeds or moss are placed under the floor of the tent, and when sleeping on snow and ice, ropes, empty backpacks, and windbreakers are placed on the floor inside the tent. As already mentioned, stick rugs are good.

Having unfolded the tent, they stretch the floor between the pegs driven into the ground. Then they put racks - either exactly at the height of the tent (then they are set inside), or above the tent (then they are placed 30-40 cm from it) - and pull the main guys.

Before pulling the roof braces, fasten the entrance. Pegs for corner braces are driven in so that the ropes are, as it were, a continuation of the diagonals of the rectangles of the roof slopes. After all the pegs are clogged, they adjust the length of the braces, and sometimes change the location of the pegs, ensuring that there is not a single fold on the roof panels and at the same time, the tension force of the ropes does not tear the fabric.

The pegs are hammered with the butt of an ax at an angle of 45 ° to the ground. To set up a tent, you need 10 pegs (preferably metal) 20-25 cm long and 2 racks. Both should be prepared in advance and carried along with the tent (racks are folding). Instead of racks, you can use alpenstocks or 2 ice axes connected by auxiliary ropes.

In the mountains, guy ropes are tied to large stones before setting up the tent, and the stones are moved to the right place to regulate the tension of the ropes. In the forest, braces are fixed to the trees, the floor is stretched between the pegs last. The main guys should be tied to the trees at such a height that the side walls of the tent do not raise the floor, but do not sag.

In rainy weather, to protect against water flowing from the roof of the tent, around it you can dig a ditch 8-10 cm deep and wide with a groove that drains water along the slope of the terrain.

The back wall of the tent is placed in the direction of the wind. After sunset, the entrance to the tent should be closed so that things do not become damp when dew falls. When it rains, do not touch the roof, otherwise it will get wet. Warm clothes are laid on the floor (quilted jackets, blankets, etc.), backpacks with soft clothes are placed under the head. The pockets on the side and rear walls of the tent hold electric flashlights, goggles, toiletries, compasses, etc. Axes in a case can be placed under the floor of the tent at the “entrance”, and boots can be placed inside it at the “exit”.

If there is no tent (in day trip), you can spend the night under a piece of tarpaulin or polyethylene, constructing a single or double tent with the help of branches. You can make an inclined barrier out of blankets and light a long fire in front of it at a distance of 2-2.5 m from the tourists lying under the barrier.

If the weather whispers, many go out into nature for a few days. And in this case, you can not do without setting up camp. This must be approached responsibly, as an improperly placed tent or fire pit can spoil even the most carefully thought-out vacation.

Photo by Maxim VECHERA

We put up a tent

The tent must be set up on level ground. If there is a slight slope, it must be placed in such a way that the legs of the person sleeping in it are below the head. Otherwise, a fun night is guaranteed: you will roll onto a neighbor or wake up with a severe headache.

Check the quality of the soil. It is not so easy to stick pegs of stretch marks into the dense interweaving of tree roots. In loose sand, on the contrary, the pegs do not hold well, a sharp gust of wind can demolish the tent.

The site should be located on a hill so that when it rains, the tent is not flooded with water. That is why one should not camp on the low islands, no matter how picturesque the place looks. In addition, each tent should be dug in with a shallow groove. The site must be well ventilated and dry.

Carefully inspect the chosen place. There should be no anthills or ant trails. Remove twigs and cones so you don't feel like a princess and a pea.

The optimal distance between tents is 2-3 meters, the main thing is that there is enough space for stretching. It is best to set up tents in a row or with the letter L - the camp will be a single whole, and the tents will protect each other from the wind.

You can not place tents closer than 100 m from power lines, and also closer than 50 m from roads.

If the picnic lasts several days, it is worth allocating a separate tent for food storage.

Where to make a fire

The fire pit should be located as far as possible from the tents. Modern awnings made of synthetic materials are light and compact, but are easily burned by sparks. Determine the direction of the wind ahead of time so that the smoke from the fire goes away from your home.

Bonfire is the main cause of fires in forests, so there are a number of restrictions here. In particular, it is impossible to kindle a fire under the crowns of trees, in places with dry grass, on windfalls and old burnt areas, in young coniferous forests, and on peat bogs. The fireplace should be ringed with a mineralized strip at least 0.5 m wide, and even better, enclose it with stones.

The fire must not be left unattended. After folding the bivouac, the coals must be carefully extinguished - pour water or cover with sand.

Over the entire fire zone, if possible, it is necessary to stretch the awning at an angle so that it protects the fire not only from moisture, but also from the wind.

Lepota and purity

The presence of a stream or river nearby can greatly simplify the process of cooking, washing dishes. However, it is impossible to have a “washing” zone in the immediate vicinity of a water source. After all, for the best effect, you will use household chemicals. Any detergents, including ordinary laundry soap, can cause great harm to the stream.

Often, outdoor enthusiasts prepare a garbage pit in advance. Don't do it! The plastic from which disposable tableware, bottles and other utensils of this kind are made decomposes for decades. It is better to hang a garbage bag on a tree and put all the waste in it. When you leave, don't forget to take this bag with you to throw it in the nearest container.

Paper waste can be burned in a fire. It is allowed to bury metal tin cans at the site of the bivouac, but first they must be properly burned in a fire. Burnt metal quickly decomposes.

But glass, although it does not cause much harm to nature, should never be left in the parking lot. Firstly, it is dangerous - someone can seriously cut themselves. Secondly, glass practically does not decompose, remaining in the ground for thousands of years.

Discreet place

Any more or less long parking involves the arrangement of the toilet. The site for it should be chosen at a distance from the bivouac among dense vegetation. The soil on the sanitary site should be loose so that it is possible to dig a hole at least 30 cm deep. In addition, this area should be away from a river or stream, best of all - in a lowland.

Photo by Anatoly DRIBAS

Usually, a film or awning is stretched over the place where the toilet is set up to protect it from rain. You can build improvised walls from branches or from the same film. By the way, experienced tourists hang a bright flag on a tree branch a few meters from the toilet. If it is omitted, then the place is free.

Before you leave, remember to fill the hole and mark it with stones so that other tourists know that it is not worth digging here.

STAY IN TOUCH

Do not set up camp near isolated trees. During a thunderstorm, there is a high probability of “catching” lightning. Single trees are also the most vulnerable to the wind: at any moment, the trunk can fall to the resting place. Do not camp under large trees with long branches. Even a small bough falling from an impressive height can easily break a tent or injure campers.

Find a place well protected from wind and direct sunlight. The site can be arranged under a hill, in a clearing among a dense forest. At the same time, do not set up camp in the lowlands. Firstly, it is here that a dank fog will accumulate in the morning hours. Secondly, if it rains heavily, all the water will flow into the valley. In addition, in the ravines hidden from the sun's rays - the coldest air.

If possible, look for a place near a stream or on the banks of a river - a source of water, which will probably be needed for washing dishes and other needs. However, it is not worth setting up tents at the very edge of the water.

You need to start setting up a camp a few hours before dusk, so that without haste and fuss, you can manage to cope with all the affairs and fully equip the parking lot.

FORECAST OF NATURE

We used to trust weather forecasters, but the weather is a capricious lady. Therefore, it will not be superfluous to learn to recognize some natural “bells” that signal imminent changes.

If the flowers of acacia, honeysuckle, currant, lilac begin to smell strongly - wait for rain in 15-20 minutes.

The “crying” of calla, arrowhead, telorez means that in 2-3 hours inclement weather will set in.

Daisy, mallow, ranunculus, calendula, field bindweed, dandelion flowers begin to curl 2-5 hours before rain.

The flowers of the white doze begin to smell fragrant 9-12 hours before the rain.

Grasshoppers and crickets stopped chirping, and butterflies hid in shelters - there will be a thunderstorm in 1-3 hours.

If jackdaws and crows start screaming, curling in flocks, swooping down like a stone, it will rain in 1-3 hours.

Representation of the team "Wandering Tourists" MOU "Secondary School No. 1 r.p. Tatishchevo" at the regional tourist rally in 2013

Leading:

It is not the wind that rages over the forest, It is not the streams that ran from the mountains. Does he look to see if the tents are standing? Do children have fires? In this familiar clearing Have many teams gathered?

But in a small hut On the edge of the forest edge A light shines dimly, Smoke comes out of the chimney.

And in the hut in the hot stove Porridge is cooked from buckwheat, And frog roast, And barbecue from mouse carcasses, And the hostess at the stove Bakes pancakes and kalachi. She has a lot of guests this evening gathered.

Serpent Gorynych three-headed Green, like a maple leaf.

Near the bald water Wet, slippery and barefoot

In the corner a bearded goblin Uncombed, shaggy

Kashchei sits by the window, Staring at everyone.

Nightingale the Robber on the right, Oh, cocky disposition.

And the hostess is with a grip, Now with a tray, now with a shovel, Agile beyond her age, Everything is submissive to her hands. In general, the appearance is wonderful, For her age, charming. It is unlikely that you will find such a place, After all, she is already under a thousand years old.

Baba Yaga:

How many years and how many winters I have not seen you. Where did everyone go? I missed you.

Koschei the Immortal:

Oh, Yagus, what are you, Though time is rushing. Apparently it's time for us to change too.

Water:

Eh, something sad for me, My heart aches for something. Tired of me in the water, My life is a swamp.

Goblin: In the thicket of the forest, too, horror, Darkness without a light. I would like some light. Where, joy, where are you?

Nightingale the Robber:

On high road I, too, do not live sweetly. Today people are not the same, There is no order.

Dragon:

Forgotten all about us, Do people remember? I heard that Tourslet is in vogue among kids these days.

Baba Yaga: What, friends, are we bored with life? They themselves are to blame. Stop whining and whining, What are we, weak? What, are we weak in spirit? Decreased in body? Do not return to us old times, If only they wanted to. There was a boy here once, a nimble boy. He drank tea with me, gave me books. (shows and distributes books)I read these books, I forgot about everything. With the book of the night I met, Everywhere I went with it during the day. Imagine, I learned that sport lives in the worldtourlet lives in the forest. I didn't know that before, It gives joy to life. Sport He fell to my liking: He is close to me in spirit. I, too, love the glory, And I like the fight. After all, I had to fight with an opponent more than once. A strong spirit does not give up, Just a story about me. I remembered, this boy Invited to his holiday, That there will be sports at this holiday - of course.

So I wrote down the date, Yes, it is today, this day. Hey, let's roll away from the pier, All for me, who cares!

Leading:

In a moment the hut was empty - All for the holiday as soon as possible. Well, friends, it's up to you, Will you meet the guests with sports?

To the sound of music (sports march), forest friends get to the tour.

What is this? forest, meadow,

Pond, and nearby springs.

There is no telly with a sofa.

Eco brothers, where are we?

What are you? Let's do it!

We whistle loudly, and fly away.

Is it the same party?

Tourists: This is our school tour!

Everyone here plans, cooks,

Sleeping outside, singing?

What kind of overnight stay is this?

Tourists: This is our school tour!

Everyone runs until night?

Dirty, wet, but crawling?

What kind of trick is this?

Tourists: This is our school tour!

Tourists:

Here the fire burns in the night,

Here are tents, a star vault.

Every year we are brought together

This is our school tour!

Guests together : Can we stay at your tourslet?

Tourist: We invite you not only to attend, but to take part in our tourslet. Do you agree?

Guests: Yes! Yes!

Tourist: Do you know who tourists are?

Guests: Yes! Yes! Yes!

Tourists: (ask questions, guests answer)

Who is backpacking? - tourists! Baby Yaga
Who is familiar with the compass? - tourists! Goblin
Who's really good at climbing ropes? - tourists! Nightingale the Rogue
Who climbs the rocks deftly? - tourists! Koschei the Immortal
Who goes to the river in summer? - tourists! Water
Who quietly wanders through the forest? - tourists! Goblin
Who knows the traces of all the animals? - tourists! Baba Yaga
Who respects nature? - goblin

No - They are tourists!

So, are we tourists too?

First: Check.Are you going on a hike with us?

All: Yes, yes...

First: Did you take everything with you on the trip?

All: Yes, yes...

One: I don't know what to take...

First: How do you not know?! ... Here, for example, a tent ...

One: Is this where they sell ice cream?

Other: No… are you…

First: Uuu…something is neglected – missed… Listen carefully how others know about it… (turns to other teams) Who knows – answer.

My hiking girlfriend - with hot strong tea ... (mug)

I took a ladle, a large bowl, a knife and ... (spoon)

What can we do with a spoon, a frying pan, a ladle?

Drive away all mosquitoes, but you can cook ... (pilaf)

Can we row with them, if we are on the water? ...

Those are very lucky, who has it in their hand ... (paddle)

Leave at home you duvet cover

On a hike you need a warm ... (sleeping bag)

We need to make a fire, we will chop firewood ... (axe)

Your camping house is not wobbly, sleep comfortably in it... (tent)

This guy is very important.
Cook soup and tea will help ... (pot)

In the dark, walking through the forest is easy for me and my friend Sharik.
Well, if there is no dog, then with ... (flashlight)

Tourist: Well now I see you know something

And what are you all testing and teaching us? You yourself, how will you live here in the forest?

There is such an interest in technological progress.
Did the teams arrive here with or without a carbine?
Of course, there is also interest in the food process.
Will you eat buckwheat here with or without stew?
There is considerable interest about such a process
Who has already gone behind the bush - with or without a cigarette?!!

We - seasoned tourists, we also want to give some wise advice:

The main rule of a tourist: take more food and less people.

When brewing tea, look to see if pasta is boiled there.

1. If you haven't found your sleeping bag, check if it's your tent.
2. There are no bad products - there are always hungry tourists.
3. If you're lost in the woods and don't have a compass, wait until autumn when the birds fly south.
4. Better to overeat than not sleep enough.
5. A fire is not a luxury - but a means of achieving it.
6. If something falls into your soup and moves, it's meat, and if it doesn't move, it's vitamins.

A tourist, as a rule, lives longer than a person.

• If they sing around the fire, they are tourists; if they shrug, they are fishermen.
• If tourism interferes with your studies, you can quit your studies.
• In the forest, every speck (mud, speck of dust ...) is a vitamin!
• If the instructor falls into a ravine, do not disturb him - he is more experienced than you and knows what he is doing.
• A backpack always has a suitcase mood.
• And the capacity of a backpack, by definition, is 2 times less than the things that need to be put in it.

As the great Susanin would say: “If you want to make friends, make them away”

• And the most important thing - good tourists houses do not collapse.

Oh, I can't believe it all! Are you really a tourist?

Yes! From Tatishchevskaya school number 1.

Presentation of the tourist team

1 tourist . We are the Wandering Tourists team

Funny, brave, smart,

Athletes, dancers, artists,

Romantics and optimists.

Interesting, what else do you know? What will you teach us?

In chorus (recitative, clapping and stomping):

1. Who steps ahead? We are tourists!

Who is with tourism here on "you"? We are tourists!

We are walking in step. And no one is left behind!

Our motto:

"Step forward, do not get tired

And keep your head up!"

With us, no one loses heart and does not like to retreat.

And we have something to tell about every tourist.

(for each team member)

1. I carry a backpack on myself, I am the strongest in the forest
2. If I get hungry, I'll smash anyone you want.
3. And I run faster, and they call me Andrey
4. I have a good voice
5. I draw and sing
6. I love peeling potatoes
7. I love turrets
8. And we also have an ace Knows a compass, a map - a class. Degrees he understands Azimuth find as he knows
9. Nastya tied the knot, the knot is very complicated. It will be impossible to untie the knot.

12. Nikita is our captain. He navigates decently, Just great, great!

1. We are a team anywhere
2. Where is he and I.

And what, are you going to do this every year?

Yes!

Since that year has flown by

Time is very fast

We greet today

All friends of tourists.

And you have all friends and no rivals?

Our rival is not a rival,
And be an ally.
Let's crawl, tie the knots.
Together we will go the whole way.

We don’t know how we will perform, but we wish everyone good luck.

Who else lives here with you? Or are you alone here?

There is another team.
She is always the hardest.
We wish our judges
Share your success with us.

Oh, how good you are here!

We are all happy to meet

In June every year.

Thanks to the administration

For our school tour!

Imitation of competitions with guests.

Baba Yaga: Oh, and we are exhausted, oh, we are tired!

Koschei the Immortal:Our hands and feet are trembling!

Dragon: We did not know such a load before.

Water: It's hard to match these guys.

Goblin: They run fast, jump smartly. Well, they have training behind them.

Baba Yaga: That's what I lacked - I realized today, How many years I lost, I was unsportsmanlike. I'm lying on the stove, I miss it, My mood is worse than ever. I just groan, I think All the sores for a hundred years. All! There is no return to satrom! Away, melancholy, melancholy and sadness! It's too early for me to die, And I'll take up tourism! And then, what the hell is not joking, Suddenly I become an athlete. After all, the spirit of sports, in fact, Roams in my veins.

Koschei the Immortal:And I'm on medication for the last year, I'm holding on to this alignment is not dear to me Better sports I'll take care of.

Dragon : Yes, Yagusya, dear. Here, tourism is what we need. We lived without knowing him, We lived boringly, I'll tell you.

Water: Well, guys, everything is clear to me. Which view is closest to me. IN aquatic activities I'm fine, Kohl's busy, I'll find success.

Goblin: What to do is clear. Both in the rain and in the snow. Orientation cool I can without a compass. I will also run cross-country skis, I will still do physical training, And when the frosts come, I will go skiing.

Nightingale the Robber.Well, I, though not sick, I'll do, rather, shooting. This look is just right for me! With a slight whistle in silence.

Leading: We are very glad that you liked our place and we will be friends now. And our regional tourist gathering made friends with us all!

Baba Yaga: The sun of friendship shines here, How much joy is all around! My soul flies, And let's sing. I composed a song here, The Muse descended upon me. Through sports, the soul opened, How could I before?

• And tourists are cheerful, cheerful people.

• tourist Songs are for the tourist, everything

Both breakfast and lunch

Well, not enough dancing.

What do you think,

Eli, no?

(to the music “The bend of the yellow guitar ...” they dance a waltz - a few pas)

Tourist:
Here in unity with nature,
We will become better and kinder.
And the tourist rally is not a tribute to fashion,
He is in the soul - both yours and mine.

Tourist:
We are tourists and we have something to be proud of!
We have gathered here for a reason!
And the tourist flag will curl,
As long as the earth is spinning!

It is not in vain that a sports fire is lit here,

So that it burns winged and proudly.

Maybe me, maybe you, maybe someone else

But we must achieve records.

Final words.

Let's sing, let's live, let's love our life

And every day to meet the dawn, because we are only a few years old

melody

After all, only in this way you will find the answer, how beautiful the white light is.

Poems for a business card for teachers' tourslet.

The author of this idea and texts is the teacher Sharkova O.N.

MOU "Staroaleiskaya secondary school No. 1" June-2011

Teacher's TOURSLET - "The most-most"

Most importantly: PRIZE! How nice it warms your hands!
The most relevant: at the end of the school year, have a good rest!
Most Stylish: competitive spirit

Most positive: Tourslet is always an interesting, real show!

Most ideological: energizing, chants, confident struggle with rivals.

Most Professional: meeting of professional teachers.
The most traditional: campfire songs

Most Energetic: an inexhaustible charge of energy. Maybe it's time for a doping test?

Most dear: Tretyakov land, Alei-Batyushka and painfully native places.

Newspaper for the contest

Poems for a business card on tourslet

1
HOORAY! The tourists are celebrating.

They didn't make it easy.
Feeling the freedom of vacation,
They decided to take a break.

2
Here, all the long-suffering people,

Who's to say that it's crazy

Gathered all and sundry

Who lived a whole year in ventures

In worries, creative ideas,

Spend night and day here.

3

Came to sacred places

Where all nature is so pure.

The soul of a simple teacher

Wanting to shake off the burden,

Yearned for the tourslet,

It's time for her relax.
4

Tourists are happy to test.
So as not to be bored, of course,

Pass the route, take the obstacles

What is destined for fate.

5
What a joy, we are like children,
Passionate about sports and games.

Forgetting now, about everything in the world,

Tourslet is one, we are one.
6
The past year is around the corner
The wave of the past carries us,
Forget yesterday's worries

Here on the tourslet - silence.

7
Here is a sea of ​​fresh sensations,
Here is an open house (tent) for friends.
Here is the joy of meeting and communicating,

Relax, be more fun!

8
Let time beat and time heal
Around the corner,
The backpack straightens our shoulders

And our tourlet warms the soul!

At the end of the speech

We are on tour today

We hasten to congratulate everyone together.
We wish everyone optimism
This is very necessary in life.
Bright, joyful events,
In the summer, a lot of useful things,
amazing discoveries,
Well, rest, of course!

Bivouac decoration

Application: Plates for the design of the bivouac (Appropriate pictures are added to all plates) Recreation center "Alei bushes"

park hotel "Grace", hotel

Spa "Sleeping Beauty" Beauty and youth Discounts for regular customers. Price is negotiable, barter is possible

Restaurant "Weeping IVA" Catering, off-site restaurant service!!! Buffet. We will provide service for you at the level of the best Western standards! _________________________________________________________ reception Don't pass by! We will check you for viruses and let's get it where it needs to be...

In a corner of paradise, all guests are welcome!!!

Escort to the bivouac competition. (The guide's story)

Tourist center "Aleiskiye Kushi"located among the oak forests on the banks of the Alei. Better places foractive rest, how,"Aley kushi" there is no place in the world. This is a real paradise for those who love nature and thrills, who love to communicate something new and dream of exciting adventures.

A bivouac is a place where, under conditions wildlife there is a group of tourists. This word is of French origin. When going on a hike, it is important to know how to set up a bivouac on a hike, how best to do it, and how to choose a place to bivouac. Before step by step instructions you should know a few general rules that you need to consider when going on any trip.

• Choose all inventory and equipment based on weight considerations. Especially if you go to hiking, then you will carry all the luggage yourself. When choosing a tent, focus on its weight and functionality. Today, you can choose absolutely any tent. Choose a light backpack and light but warm clothing. In the cold season, use thermal underwear.
• Don't forget to bring sunscreen, mosquito and insect repellant summer time and barrier cream in winter. Personal hygiene products will come in handy.
• Take food that does not spoil quickly and does not require careful storage. It is very important to take care of in advance.
• Try not to take unnecessary things and foresee everything in advance.
• Take a medical kit. On vacation, it often happens that someone gets minor injuries and having a first aid kit is important.

Choosing a place to bivouac

We choose a place for a bivouac. The presentation of bivouac site determination and bivouac work is an important part. Determination of the place of the bivouac and organization of bivouac work should occur clearly and harmoniously. Consider the area around you.

Relief and other features of the area

Here are a few rules to know.

1. You need to choose a small slope and settle down between the foot and the top. So the camp will not flood in case of heavy rain or morning dew.
2. Don't camp in lowlands or between slopes.
3. Don't camp near water. In the morning fog and heavy dew rise from the water, and it also blows cold.
4. Don't camp in a dense forest, as there is a chance to meet wild animals and bring discomfort when moving around in the camp.
5. If the terrain is mountainous, then choose a place where stones or snow are not expected to come down from the mountains.

Availability of fresh water nearby

When deciding on a bivouac site, you need to consider things like fresh water nearby. In the mountains there are many mountain clean streams. You can stay close, it will be a huge advantage. It is worth making sure that the stream is not dirty. If we talk about other areas, then you are unlikely to be able to find fresh water. It is worth making sure that you have enough of your supplies on the trip.

The source of water is very important. It is convenient to wash dishes, wash and wash some things, having a source of water nearby. Collect water in a vat and use it for its intended purpose. Don't pollute the river.

It is possible to find a source of groundwater. You need to know where to dig. Such springs are rare in the forest. There are much more of them in the highlands and in the steppe.

Presence of a nearby settlement

An important point is the presence of a settlement near the bivouac. If you do not rest in wild places, then having nearby locality you don't have to worry about unexpected situations.

If you run out of food and water, you will replenish your supplies. It will be useful in case of injury - there will be an opportunity to receive professional medical care. If you have to spend the night on the island, it is better to choose the one where there is a settlement.

By choosing good place We need to start setting up camp. Clearly divide responsibilities between vacationers and then you will finish much earlier. You should start in the morning or afternoon in order to have time to finish before dark. Start by setting up tents. They can be installed with the letter L or a semicircle. This will create a barrier to strong winds and ensure that the center of the camp does not have any.

Make sure that the tent poles do not interfere with each other and that no one gets hurt by tripping over the tent poles. Put dry leaves, moss, all unnecessary rags and fabrics under the bottom of the tent, this will prevent water from wetting the tent from below. Around the tents, along their perimeter, dig trenches for the accumulation of morning dew. This will be useful if it rains heavily.

Organization of bivouac work

Next, take care of the inside of the tents. These can be sleeping bags or air mattresses with blankets. Both have their pros and cons. It is better to pull out the insides of the tent after sleep and leave it in the sun. Things will be dry and warm.

Having dealt with the tents, proceed to create a hearth. There are many options for creating it. If you need to quickly cook food, use the star-shaped stacking of the hearth. Fold the logs like the sun's rays. This will create heat and a large surface under the dishes. If you need to quickly warm up, build a tent out of logs. This will produce a large and hot flame. There are many fire options.

Camping

Build a clothes dryer next to the flame. Do not place it too close or low above the fire. Throughout the entire work with the fire, make sure that it does not flare up too much, and the flame does not spread to dry grass. This is especially true for dense places. At night, it is better to fill the fire with water or leave the attendant next to it. Logs for a fire are better to collect for the whole night in advance, at night the search for logs can take a long time and bring inconvenience.

Build a dining table and benches. If you did not take the necessary things in advance, you can use logs and build a table from improvised materials.

Build a toilet for a bivouac, do it better at a decent distance from it, deeper in the bushes. After its disposal, it is necessary to disinfect the area and remove garbage. It is better to singe garbage in a fire and bury it so that it decomposes faster. If possible, it is better to pick it up.