When traveling or traveling by any means of transport, it is necessary to have knowledge of how to behave correctly in case of an emergency. After all, this knowledge can save a life. The plane is no exception. What to do if the plane crashes ?

First of all - that in no case should you give in to panic, because this will absolutely not help. Only a "cold head" can save a life. You may need to help other passengers.

In addition, it is important to carefully listen to the instructions of the flight attendants, which relate to the rules of conduct in an emergency. During the briefing, they talk about how to use the equipment designed for rescue. Even if you had to listen to such instructions before, you should keep in mind that the equipment is constantly being upgraded and important information may be missed.

It is very useful to prepare a small container of water in advance so that it is directly in your clothes, and not in your luggage or purse.

It is advisable to take into account the route of movement. In the event that it is planned to fly over water, then you should place the first aid kit, as well as essentials, in a bag that does not allow moisture to pass through. You should put on things of bright color, which in case of an emergency landing will greatly simplify the search for rescuers.

It is also important to take into account that the life jacket must be worn during a certain period. If you do this ahead of time, getting off the plane may be difficult. If you make an emergency landing on water, you should get on a special life raft as soon as possible. In the event that it becomes necessary to make an emergency landing, it is advisable to bend down to your knees, squeeze your head with your hands, after wrapping it in clothes.

During the flight, you should adjust the belt correctly. It should fit snugly against the body. The implementation of this recommendation will help to avoid a wide variety of injuries, as well as correctly apply the oxygen mask.

Unfortunately, there are situations of fire during the flight, so it is better to play it safe and wear clothes made of wool or leather. These materials have protective characteristics. For the same purposes, you need to cover the body with clothes as much as possible. When moving to the exit, you must stay close to the floor.

It should also be noted that in the event that there is no oxygen in the aircraft, whistling, pain may appear in the ears, and pain in the intestinal area may also occur. Therefore, it is necessary to put on a special oxygen mask as soon as possible. Due to lack of oxygen, loss of consciousness is also possible.

Flight safety is the first and most important point! All the services serving aviation think about it, all the aircraft design bureaus of the world are working on its improvement. Let's talk about what, out of superstition, is not discussed during the flight - how to survive a plane crash(for this instruction is also suitable). And for convenience, we have issued the rules of survival in the form of a memo.

The main rules of safe behavior

1. Not every accident ends with a 100% fatality for passengers. Many survive, and one of the reasons is carefully read and follow the instructions. Believe the testimonies of the survivors: it is precisely the fact that during the demonstration of the aircraft’s rescue equipment you listen and look attentively, and do not stick out the fifth point forward, loudly discussing the delights of the upcoming holiday in Egypt with a neighbor, significantly increases your chances of salvation.

| Pre-flight safety instructions

2. Disaster can happen to anyone, but only the luckiest and most prepared will be able to survive. Whatever happens, remember: the main enemy in distress is panic, and the best friend is a good memory for important little things.

If there is a fire on the plane

One of the main causes of death in fires is poisoning by combustion products. The air temperature in the burning cabin rises quite sharply: from 50 ° C below the floor to 250 ° C under the ceiling. Firefighters must remember the following: rules.

3. The attention of the passenger even before the start of the flight - his insurance against death in a fire: when smoke and panic cut off the path to retreat, the number of rows calculated in advance to the nearest emergency exit will help. Remember: most often people die not from fire or gases, but from an elementary crush at the exit, so do not give in to the instinctive desire to run to the doors through which you entered the salon, look for emergency exits.

4. If a passenger nevertheless gets into a fire zone and gets burned, the first thing to do is to get rid of synthetic easily melting clothing, for example, for women - from pantyhose. On the contrary, dense things made of natural fabrics protect against fire. When leaving the plane during a fire, it is necessary to close the respiratory tract with a rag soaked in any liquid (water, milk, juice will do, but it is better to leave “duty” stocks to mark the rescue). In no case should you open emergency hatches if smoke and fire are visible behind them!

If the plane fell into the water

For reference to those who believe that splashdown is better than an emergency landing: from the usual height of an airplane fall, the hardness of water is in no way inferior to concrete pavement. And yet, if you are lucky and people survived, then they will have to evacuate into the water in life jackets (which, we recall, are under each seat).

5. Golden! It is strictly forbidden to inflate life jackets while still on the plane.. A weighty argument can be an example of a disaster on Ethiopian Airlines, when a lot of people survived after a successful splashdown, but could not get out in advance inflated vests from under the sinking wreckage of the aircraft.

Once in the water, passengers will face no less tests than when falling. The greatest probability is the threat of death from hypothermia, because even at a temperature of +24 ° C, the time of safe stay in water is only 7-9 hours, and when the temperature drops to +15 ° C, it is halved.

6. Contrary to the opinion that you need to move in the water in order not to freeze, it is important to remember: movements not only accelerate heat transfer, but also increase the heat loss of the body. The greatest heat loss occurs in the groin and armpits, so the most reasonable way to “not stick together fins” (if a person is floundering alone) is to take the fetal position, legs tucked up and hands tucked under the armpits. If there is a group of victims in the water, then it is necessary to organize a circle where everyone can tightly hug and snuggle up to a neighbor, and in turn interfere with the edges of the most frozen people in the center of the steep. So the chances of holding out until the arrival of rescuers increase.

7. If the victims see the shore or life-saving facility, then it is rational to swim to it only if it takes no more than 40 minutes in time. You need to swim to your chance of salvation with a snake, raking in your hands and clasping your neighbor's torso with your legs - this way the speed increases noticeably.

8. Having reached the watercraft, you must immediately undress, wring out wet clothes and immediately put them back on if there is no drier alternative. And it is important to keep wet feet as warm as possible, because there are a lot of nerve endings on the feet. For this purpose, any means are suitable: paper, dry branches, grass, pieces of dry cloth.

In case of a crash on the ground

9. If the emergency landing occurred on land, but before the arrival of rescuers, a lot of time may pass, during which it is important not to go far from the wreckage, since the rescuers will be the first to comb the route of the "thread" of the plane crash. Even a lone nocturnal hedgehog understands: in no case should you scatter one at a time and in the dark. It is important to make a fire without fail: it will not only warm, but will become a guide for rescuers and raise morale, which is very important in such a situation. If the fire is made during the day, you need to throw any smoky material into it (best of all - rubber), rescuers will notice black smoke much faster. At night, a dazzling flame from a fire, into which magnesium (if any) was thrown, can help in the search.

10. If all the trials are over and it remains only to wait for the rescuers, then the survivors run the risk of facing the last terrible enemies - hunger and thirst. On a chocolate bar a day, a person can last about 4 weeks, maintaining a minimally adequate reaction. And fresh water can be obtained by squeezing out caught fresh fish (even sea fish), which contains enough water not to die of thirst. When hungry, it is recommended to refrain from random snacks found on berries, mushrooms, roots, as this will only “inflame” the appetite. It is better to adhere to at least the appearance of some kind of diet. In the wild, anything can become food: from caught fish and found eggs to wild grass seeds rich in trace elements.

! It also doesn't hurt to know that...

- before the start of the flight, flight attendants designate the so-called “selected” passengers among the crowd. As a rule, these are acquaintances and relatives of the crew members, people in uniform, physically strong people with obvious manners of a leader. In emergency cases, it is on these people that the crew builds a strategy for rescuing survivors.

- with a successful landing or splashdown, the greatest chances of survival, according to statistics and according to experts, are passengers in the tail section of the aircraft. Naturally, this advantage comes to naught when falling from a great height - here everyone is equal before the occasion.

And as a video bonus, an informative documentary about plane crash survivors. They are actually not so few.

| Show video

Soft landing to you!

And airlines are trying in every possible way to improve the level of safety for passengers. And even if the plane crashed, then you have every chance to stay alive. It depends on several factors.

The first of these is your preparedness for flight. The second is following the safety precautions that flight attendants introduce passengers to when the plane takes off. The third is elementary luck. The fourth is the ability to remain calm in stressful situations. We will talk about all other factors in more detail in this article.

Flying in small or old planes threatens to turn into a terrible adventure. This means that it is better to choose reliable ones.

So that you don’t have to feverishly remember the answer to the question “What to do when a plane crashes?”, Give preference to proven ones, about which passengers leave a lot of positive feedback.

Seat selection

Not the last role in such an important matter is the choice of a seat on the plane. There is a so-called theory of "five rows". What is it? If you sit in the first five rows of an emergency exit, then you have a better chance of not dying in a fall. This is not entirely true. After all, the emergency exit may be blocked. Therefore, it is important to know where all the exits from the aircraft are located.

Choose the right seats on the plane!

Experts say that the likelihood of surviving a plane crash increases by 40% those who chose a seat in the tail section of the aircraft.

Proper clothing

There is a high risk of fire in the event of an accident on board an aircraft.. Synthetic materials will melt at the same time, but if you wear cotton or woolen clothes, then on the contrary, it will protect you.

Getting out of a crashed Boeing or Airbus is much easier, if you are wearing comfortable shoes. On heels, it will take longer, and if you have to go down a special, inflatable ladder, then you risk breaking it with your stilettos.

Dress simply and in cotton or wool. It is better to take a jacket or a warm jacket, even when returning from a warm country. The plane can crash anywhere. Therefore, it is better to be prepared for cold weather.

Safety Instructions

Before takeoff, flight attendants always brief passengers on safety precautions. Few people even pay attention to them. This is a big mistake. It is very important to carefully listen to all the information that the flight attendants tell you.. They will show you how to use oxygen masks and life jackets. Flight attendants know what to do if a plane crashes, which means they need to be given time to explain.

Listen carefully to the instructions of the flight attendants on the plane.

Check if there is under your seat life vest. Often they are missing, as their presence is not always carefully checked. Do you think it won't work for you? But remember the Titanic's passengers, who didn't have enough lifeboats just because its creators decided the ship was unsinkable.

In the pocket of each chair, they additionally put schema-instructions. Familiarize yourself with them and try to remember what is indicated there.

Correct seating position

What to do when the plane crashes in the first place? Fasten the belt and tighten it. This is necessary so as not to fly out of your chair. Next, you need to take the correct position in the chair.

Lower your head to the level of your knees. Put them in the next chair. The palms should be crossed over the head. So you will avoid traumatic brain injuries, namely they are the cause of deaths in a plane crash.

If you are flying with a child and put him on your lap, then immediately transplant him into the next chair. With an impact of such power, which will follow immediately after the fall of the liner to the ground, you simply cannot hold it.

Try not to panic

In 1974, a Pan American plane crashed on the island of Samoa. This was due to terrible weather conditions. The airliner did not reach the airport, but crashed in the jungle. The cabin started on fire. Most of the passengers panicked and rushed to the exits of the plane. 5 of them listened to the flight attendants and went to the emergency exits, which the others forgot about in fear and panic. It was they who were saved.

This story highlights the importance of trying to stay calm. It will be very difficult, but it will help you. Fear only clouds the mind and does not allow to think logically. It also has a positive side. It is based on the instinct of self-preservation and aims to protect against any external influences. But everything is good in moderation!

There are people who, in principle, are afraid to fly on airplanes. If you are one of them, be sure to check out

To cope with panic, do short breathing exercises. Remember everything that the flight attendants explained to you, and move to the emergency exits. Help other people and the crew as much as you can.

Let's say you have already had to participate in an emergency landing of an airplane. Or you got into a very strong zone of turbulence, and now you can’t even imagine yourself in the cabin. Then read

What should I do if I fell out of a plane without a parachute?

Many passengers come up with the question - “Why are there no parachutes on airplanes?”. Then it would be easy to save yourself by using them. The first reason is that it is not profitable for airlines. Parachutes add weight to aircraft, which means that you have to get rid of a couple of rows of seats in the cabin.

When the plane crashes, you can fall out of it.

The second reason is the inefficiency of this option.. When an aircraft is in distress, there will be such panic in the cabin that it is unlikely that an organized parachute evacuation will be possible. The crew does not have them either.

If you are so unlucky that you fell out of a plane, then how to survive a fall from a great height? The first time you will fall unconscious. From lack of oxygen, hypoxia and loss of consciousness develop.

The force of gravity will act against you. When you wake up, look around. If your plane began to break down while still in the air, then there may be objects around that you can grab on to.

In 1972 Serbian flight attendant Vesna Vulovich found herself in a similar situation. The plane on which she served passengers exploded in the air. She managed to escape thanks to the fact that she was squeezed between her seat, the buffet cart and the body of one of the crew members. 10 km she flew through the air! She landed on the snow. V. Vulovich was seriously injured, but survived.

And then you're out of luck? Then try to take the pose of skydivers. You need to spread your arms and legs, throw your head back and straighten your shoulders. The chest should be bent with a wheel.

After that, there is little that will depend on you. If you fall on some soft surface - snow, haystack or thicket, you will get off with serious injuries, but you will be alive. Doubt this is possible? Let's go back to history. In 1943 Pilot Alan Magee was ejected from a B-17. He flew 6 km. The fall was "softened" by the roof of the railway station. The Germans who took him prisoner could not believe that he was still alive.

This is not an isolated case. Since 1940 researchers have registered 13 similar stories.

If you fall on the water surface, there is very little chance of surviving. What posture should you take? This is where researchers disagree. Someone thinks that it is better to fall like a “soldier”, and someone that it is head first.

Were there real cases when passengers survived falling into the water? 14-year-old Bahiya Bakary survived when the Yemenia Airways plane she was flying crashed near the Comoros.

Conclusion

Plane crashes are rare these days, but the possibility exists. What do you need to do to survive in it? Do not panic and act according to the instructions of the crew. If you fall out of the plane at a height, then try to take the right posture or grab onto something in flight. Luck may smile at you, and you will fall on the snow or in the forest. You will have multiple fractures, but you will have life. So don't be discouraged!

In the specialized literature there is a concept "competent passenger"- a person who makes the most of his chances of salvation in an emergency.

In 1974, during the crash of the B-707 aircraft in Pago Dago in Samoa, out of a hundred and one passengers, only five survived, who later said that they carefully read the memo and listened to the instructions of the stewardess. Therefore, to save them, they took advantage of the emergency exits to the wing, while other passengers staged a stampede, rushing to the traditional entrance-exit. The commission stated that most passengers would have been saved if they simply knew where the emergency hatches were and how to use them.

Today, the plane is one of the safest modes of transport. This is true, but only within the framework of statistics. It should be added that while it is still possible to escape from a car accident or a train crash, a plane crash usually means the death of all passengers on board.

When on January 26, 1972, a bomb exploded on board a JAT DC-9 aircraft, and the wreckage of the liner collapsed from a height of more than 10 km, it was clear to everyone that none of the passengers escaped. However, the flight attendant Vesna Vulovich survived. How could this happen? Some believe that Vesna Vulovich was saved by the fact that she had low blood pressure - she quickly lost consciousness, and this saved her from a heart attack. Others simply believe that a miracle happened. As a result of the disaster, Vulovich herself developed amnesia - she does not remember either the explosion itself, or even what happened an hour before it. Therefore, it is unlikely that we will ever know the truth about this unusual case. Unusual because it has never happened before that someone survived the crash of a plane flying so high.

More often plane crashes in which someone survived, is an unsuccessful takeoff of the aircraft or its forced landing. The forces acting in such cases are not as destructive as, for example, when two planes collide, tanks full of fuel explode, or fall from a great height. However, there is always a chance to survive, and it depends on many factors.

If you look at pictures of air crashes, then they often show how the tail of the aircraft sticks out of the wreckage, sometimes even intact. It is the tail that touches the ground last during the fall, so the passenger sitting in the back has the greatest chance of surviving. The dimensions of the aircraft also matter: the larger the car, the safer it is.

In passenger aircraft, there is no catapult for the pilot, as, for example, in fighters; also, you can not escape from a falling plane by parachute. Everything that is in passenger airliners serves solely to avoid bodily harm, which can be received in the cabin during the flight.

Unlike a car, an airplane, flying into a stationary structure or any vehicle, usually does not stop, but rushes on. Therefore, passengers are not subjected to sudden impacts. An exception to this would be when the plane collides with a mountain. In this case, the chances of salvation are minimal.

In other cases, in the event of an in-flight emergency, the crew may decide to make an emergency landing, which is quite likely in a deserted area. At the same time, if conditions allow and the aircraft is controllable, they try to land on a relatively flat area without obstacles, and in extreme cases, on a forest. At the same time, injuries and the number of victims increase, but if the plane does not fall apart immediately and does not burn, then the chances of salvation increase.

There are several basic types of emergencies. In the air, in order to act correctly in them, one must not only know how to behave, but also mentally make a path to salvation in advance. This gives you more chances that in a dangerous moment your memory will not fail you.

• Takeoff and landing accidents

It is unlikely that you will be warned about an accident of this kind in advance. Therefore, the most reasonable tactic is preliminary personal safety measures before each takeoff and landing. For example, be in outerwear: a coat or jacket (not synthetics!) Can protect you from burns if you have to get out of a fire. Stay in your shoes, even if they are high heels, in case you have to walk over debris, burning plastic, etc. A woman should take off her high-heeled shoes only in front of the inflatable ladder, without blocking the path to evacuation for other passengers and not letting go of her shoes in order to immediately put on shoes on the ground. Of course, you need to take off your tie, scarf, glasses, hairpins, etc. - in an extreme situation, even a fountain pen in the side pocket of a jacket is dangerous. Before each takeoff and landing, carefully adjust the seat belt. It should be firmly fixed as low as possible at your hips. Check if you have heavy suitcases over your head.

Just before an accident, it is usually possible to assume a safe, fixed position. It is usually recommended to bend over and clasp your hands tightly under your knees (or grab your ankles). The head should be laid on your knees, and if this does not work, tilt it as low as possible. The legs should be rested on the floor, extending them as far as possible (but not under the front seat, which can jam in an accident).

The US Federal Aviation Administration recommends using the seat in front of you for another fixed position. On the back of the chair, you should put your hands in a crossed state and press your head to your hands. Also stretch your legs and rest. And, of course, both poses can only be taken with a fastened belt. At the moment of impact, you should strain as much as possible and prepare for a significant overload. Its direction in most accidents is forward and maybe down.

As a rule, emergency exits are located on the left and right sides of the fuselage. All exits for passengers, approaches to them and means of opening are clearly marked from a distance, which facilitates their detection. The flight attendant tells about the location of all exits from the cabin in a brief instruction. Leaving all the pre-landing worries, listen to her carefully. Be sure to mentally imagine your way to the nearest exit. And if you sit next to an escape hatch, then you have an additional responsibility: the lives of many people depend on whether you manage to open it. However, it is not always possible to open the nearest exit (flame outside, deformation of the fuselage in this place, etc.), so you need to remember all the ways to escape.

Takeoff and landing accidents are usually sudden, and you may not wait for the crew to warn you, so be aware of all the events overboard (smoke, sudden descent, engine shutdown, etc.) in order to take a fixed position. However, under no circumstances leave your seat until the plane comes to a complete stop, do not panic. Only a professional can judge with certainty about the danger of what is happening.

One of the most frequent accidents on board an aircraft is bruises and other injuries sustained during turbulence.

Turbulence- these are various eddies and air currents, randomly moving inside the atmosphere in various directions. Over half of the cases of turbulence occur with an aircraft at an altitude of over 6 thousand meters, 30% - at an altitude of up to 3 thousand meters and 5-10% - in the range from 3 to 6 thousand meters. Most often this happens on sunny days over houses or over an area with a strong temperature contrast (sand, forest, lake, road) - the earth's surface warms up unevenly, and the heated air masses rise up at different speeds, which is why the plane can take off in ascending streams or fall into air pockets.

This is exactly what happened to the Boeing 747 of American Airlines, which flew over the Pacific Ocean on December 28, 1997. Once in the turbulent zone, the huge machine instantly lost several tens of meters in height. All loose objects on board immediately took off, hit the ceiling and fell on the heads of the passengers sitting in the chairs. The most severely injured were those of the people who, although they were sitting in their seats, were not wearing seat belts. The plane itself was not injured and continued to fly, but one woman died as a result of her injuries, and the remaining 100 wounded required medical attention.

Since airplanes fly at altitudes where the air is highly discharged and its pressure is much lower than usual, the cabin of the airliner must be airtight - as soon as the slightest crack appears, all the air will escape from the aircraft through it, and this is very dangerous. Therefore, most modern aircraft are equipped with oxygen masks that automatically hover over each passenger seat in the event of a cabin depressurization, and the pilots immediately begin to lower the flight altitude.

Information about an impending disaster, nervousness of the crew, smoke or fire escaping from the engines - all this can cause panic. First, never lose your head. It is advisable to get acquainted with all the emergency systems that are on the plane even before the start. It is worth considering your own evacuation plan - find out where the emergency exit is, and figure out what can be done in the event of a disaster.

If there is a threat of an emergency landing, you need to get rid of sharp objects (pencils, pens, etc.); it would be nice to have something soft (like a pillow) to protect your head.

Decompression(rarefied air in an airplane). Rapid decompression usually begins with a deafening roar (air escapes). The salon is filled with dust and fog. Visibility drops sharply. Air quickly leaves the lungs of a person and cannot be retained. At the same time, ringing in the ears and pain in the intestines (gases expand) are likely.

Don your oxygen mask immediately without waiting for a command or assistance from the crew. The flight attendant will tell you where it is located and how to use it at the beginning of the flight. The mask must be put on, and not just pressed against the nose and mouth - even with the incoming oxygen, you can lose consciousness and drop the mask. For the same reason, you should not help someone before you put on a mask yourself, even if it is your child: if you do not have time to help yourself, both of you will be without oxygen.

Decompression is an emergency that the crew immediately begins to correct by lowering the flight altitude. Below three thousand meters, the oxygen content can already be considered normal. Therefore, if you experience signs of decompression, fasten your seat belts immediately after donning your mask and prepare for a sudden descent or hard landing.

Fire on board the aircraft. Most passengers estimate that during a fire overboard they will have about five minutes after landing to leave the plane. However, experience shows that it is better to count on one or two minutes. Approximately 20% of aircraft accidents are accompanied by fires; over 70% of people involved in air crashes with fires remain alive.

It is very important to remember the location of the exits. In case of fire, this is also necessary because the smoke interferes not only with breathing, but also with seeing signs. And most importantly, in case of fire, immediately after the plane stops, go to the nearest exit. Wherein:

• protect your skin - you should be wearing a coat, hat, blanket;
• do not breathe smoke, protect yourself with clothing, crouch or even make your way to the exit on all fours - there should be less smoke at the bottom; remember - smoke, not fire - the first danger;
• remove nylon tights and stockings, when melted they can cause severe burns;
• do not stand in the crowd at the exit, if the queue does not move, remember that if other exits; if the passage is littered, make your way through the chairs, lowering their backs;
• before takeoff, count and remember the number of seats next to you in front of and behind you on the way to the emergency exit, then you will be able to get to it even by touch in impenetrable smoke;
• do not take hand luggage with you, it can cost you your life;
• do not open emergency hatches in the place where there is fire and smoke outside;
• be decisive and disciplined, fight panic on board by any means, provide maximum assistance to the stewardess;
• do not become the cause of the fire yourself: on board the aircraft, you must treat fire in the same way as in a fuel truck.

Water landing. The passenger, who has every chance of being rescued from a water landing, should have some idea of ​​the position in which the aircraft is buoyant even before it lands on the water. Some aircraft float horizontally, others with their tails submerged, and some with their noses submerged. Knowing this, you will not rush in a panic to the emergency exit at the rear of the aircraft if this exit is under water. You should also know in advance which water rescue equipment (vests, rafts, etc.) are on board, where they are located and how to use them. Before sinking, the aircraft can be afloat from 10 to 40 minutes. However, if the fuselage is damaged, this time may be significantly shorter.

After splashing down, life rafts should be launched, which inflate automatically when dropped. If this does not happen, then you need to pull the halyard with a strong jerk, which leads to the cylinder of the gas filling system. The time to bring the raft into working condition takes about one minute in summer and three minutes in winter.

Aircraft crashes show two dangerous types of passenger behavior - panic and apathy. Oddly enough, torpor is much more common. This must be remembered in order to prevent such a reaction in oneself and under no circumstances stop the struggle for one's salvation.

How to survive a plane crash on the ground. Ed Galea, a professor from Australia who survived a plane crash, thought about how you can improve your own chances of survival. The most important thing is to never forget that the plane can get into an accident. Naturally, we are not talking about a plane crashing from a great height - it is almost impossible to survive in a car falling from a height of 10 thousand meters, however, the number of incidents that occur already on the ground is much higher, and do not forget that they also die People. At the same time, according to statistics, in the period from 1983 to 2000, 95% of passengers survived in aviation accidents in the United States. For example, in 2005 on board the liner Air France, caught fire during landing at the Toronto airport, there were 309 people, and all survived. This incident was called the Miracle in Toronto.

Ed Galea in 1985 was on board a plane that, as it happens, went off the runway and caught fire. This accident killed 55 passengers flying with him. Since then, he has been dealing with the rules of survival on board. During his work, he interviewed more than 2,000 survivors of 105 aviation accidents. Based on their experience, he deduced a number of simple rules.

Is it very typical for Russian planes to fall from Ukrainian missiles? Have you already counted a lot?

The mention of the Ukrainian rocket after such events sounds blasphemous:

1 Malaysian Boeing shot down by a beech (the report of the Dutch prosecutor's office proves this irrefutably)

2 On the night of June 14, 2014, a military transport aircraft of the Ukrainian Air Force Il-76 was shot down by a shot from an anti-aircraft missile system and a long burst from a heavy machine gun while landing at the airfield in Luhansk. On board the Il-76 were 40 Ukrainian servicemen and 9 crew members. They all died. This feat was marked Wagnerites who were in Ukraine at the time. The Ukrainian special service has documented information that some of the Wagnerites shelled the Lugansk airport almost daily in the summer of 2014.

What if we remember history?

On September 1, 1983, a tragedy occurred in the sky over the Pacific Ocean, which some Russian sources to this day shyly call an "incident": a Soviet air defense fighter shot down a South Korean civilian airliner that violated the air border of the USSR. All 269 people on board, including 23 children, died.

Boeing 707 crash in Karel ai

Everyone is now hearing about the crash of the Malaysian Boeing over the Donbass. Less well known, but nonetheless known, is the story of how a South Korean Boeing was shot down over the Soviet Far East on September 1, 1983. It turns out that this is not the first South Korean Boeing shot down over the Soviet Union. There was one more.

On April 20, 1978, another South Korean Boeing 707 flying on the route Paris - Anchorage - Seoul was shot down in the Kola Peninsula over the territory of the USSR
On April 20, 1978, in the area of ​​the Kola Peninsula, the border of the USSR crossed the passenger Boeing-707-321B (HL7429) of Korean Air Lines (KAL), which operated flight 902 - Paris-Anchorage-Seoul, deviated from the route.
The Korean Boeing continued to fly towards Severomorsk. Dmitry Tsarkov, who in 1978 held the post of commander of the 21st Air Defense Corps of the USSR, reports to Vladimir Dmitriev, who at that time held the position of commander of the 10th Air Defense Army of the USSR, that the air defenses were ready to shoot down the intruder. Dmitriev did not give permission, saying that we could shoot down our plane, the exact identity of the plane was not yet clear. The intruder was moving at a speed of 15 kilometers per minute (900 km/h). At this time, the violator crossed the border of the USSR. A flight of fighters was raised into the sky.
The aircraft was detected by Soviet air defense radars and was initially identified as a Boeing-747. The anti-aircraft missile system was put on alert. The Su-15TM ("Flegon-F") fighter under the control of Captain A. Bosov was sent to intercept.

According to the testimony of the captain of the liner Kim Chang Kee, the interceptor approached his plane from the right side (and not from the left, as required by the rules of the international civil aviation organization - ICAO). The captain claims to have slowed down and turned on the navigation lights, indicating readiness to follow the Soviet fighter for landing. Captain Kim Chang Kee's attempts to contact the interceptor pilot on 121.5 were detected by the air traffic control tower in Rovaniemi, Finland. According to the official statement of the Soviet side, the liner evaded the request to land. When the interceptor pilot reported that the intruder was in fact not the 747th, but the 707th Boeing, the command decided that it was an RC-135 electronic reconnaissance aircraft (produced on the basis of the Boeing-707 liner) and ordered the destruction goals.

According to American radio interception, the interceptor pilot tried for several minutes to convince the command to cancel the order, as he saw the logo of the KAL airline on the liner and inscriptions in hieroglyphs, however, after confirming the order, he fired two P-60 missiles at the liner. The first of them missed the target, and the second exploded, tearing off part of the left wing, causing depressurization of the aircraft and killing two passengers with shrapnel.

Due to depressurization of the cabin, the liner began an emergency descent and disappeared from the radar screens of the Soviet air defense system. The interceptor pilot also lost a damaged airliner in the clouds.

Over the next hour, emergency flight 902 flew at low altitude across the entire Kola Peninsula, looking for a place for an emergency landing and, after several unsuccessful attempts, landed in the gathering twilight on the ice of Lake Korpijärvi, already in Karelia. During all this time, the air defense had no information about the fate and location of the aircraft.

The USSR refused to cooperate with international experts in the investigation of this incident and did not provide data from the black boxes seized from the aircraft. The plane itself was disassembled and taken out in parts. The Korean airline refused it so as not to pay for the evacuation of the aircraft. 95 passengers were taken to Kem and then to Murmansk airport. On April 23, 1978, they were handed over to representatives of the US Consulate General in Leningrad and Pan American Airlines and sent to Helsinki. Su-15 pilot Captain A. Bosov was awarded the Order of the Red Star for the performance of a combat mission.

The Boeing commander, the highest-class pilot Lee Chang Hui, a former military pilot, managed to land a poorly controlled 200-ton machine on a frozen lake. This saved the lives of other passengers. The Boeing commander was later questioned. He said that he fought as a fighter pilot back in Vietnam. Finished fighting with the rank of colonel. Then he worked for 10 years in a civil airline, and the experience of flying along the route of Flight 902 is also 10 years. He has been flying with this crew for 7 years. The last flight before this flight on this route was a week ago. The weather during the flight was good. When asked how you could get so off course, the commander replied that the navigation equipment allegedly failed.

Many years later, based on declassified black box data, a flight map of Flight 902 was published showing that the plane, passing through the Amsterdam-Anchorage section, began a smooth wide turn to the right shortly after reaching Iceland. This turn was too smooth to be done by hand, and the only explanation can be a malfunction of the navigation equipment.