1. Introduction

2. Description

Conclusion

Used Books

1. Introduction

The main in the work of the conductor passenger cars is passenger service. The conductor is a representative of railway transport, who is in direct contact with passengers and ensures their right to make a train with necessary level facilities and services, and is also responsible for their safety. In addition, the conductor works with the technical devices of the car: heating, ventilation, water supply, electricity. The conductor is also responsible for the sanitary maintenance of the car.

The conductor must have a sufficiently high level of cultural and political development, be an active supporter of the perestroika taking place in our country. Attentiveness, courtesy, courtesy, readiness to listen to the passenger at any time, to help in resolving misunderstandings and questions that have arisen - all these are the most important professional qualities of a passenger car conductor. If it is impossible to satisfy the requirements of passengers or resolve the misunderstandings that have arisen, the head of the train should be invited.

The conductor has well-defined official duties in the passenger car that he serves, including pre-trip preparation and equipment, when passengers board the car, during the flight and after it. The work of the conductor is regulated by the Rules for the Technical Operation of the Railways of the Russian Federation, the job description, the Rules for the Transportation of Passengers, orders and instructions of Russian Railways. The conductor must know these documents and strictly comply with their requirements. In all situations when there is a threat to the safety of traffic or the life of passengers, the conductor must be ready to act decisively and competently.

2. Description

2.1. Duties of the conductor in preparing and equipping the car before the flight

Each passenger car undergoes technical and sanitary preparation before the flight. The conductor, when accepting the carriage, must make sure that it meets the requirements, rules and instructions in terms of sanitary and technical condition. Technical inspection and repair of cars, both in terms of running gear and internal equipment of the car, is carried out by special teams of the maintenance point. Cleaning, cleaning and washing inside the car is carried out at the train formation point by special teams completely, teams with the participation of car conductors and the conductors themselves.

At the points of formation and turnover with the help of car washing machines or manually, the external washing of the surface of the body, window panes and running gear is carried out. Washing is carried out with hot or cold water and special cleaning solutions. In this case, contamination of the outer surface of the car should be removed, but without damaging the color. As a rule, external washing is done before each flight.

Inside the cars, window frames, walls, shelves, sofas, lockers, floors are washed and wiped, vestibules, heating pipes and toilet rooms are washed with hot water and detergents, disinfection of toilets and dustbins is carried out. At least once a month, the wagons should be disinfected using insecticides to prevent insects (bugs, cockroaches, etc.) from appearing in the wagons. The interior of the wagons is cleaned after decontamination and repair work. After disinfection treatment, repair and cleaning can be started no earlier than 2 hours later, and after disinfection treatment - after 30 minutes.

The brigade carrying out the sanitary preparation of a passenger car must be provided with overalls, detergents, rags, mops for mopping floors and hot water. Inventory for the internal washing of the car must be marked with the inscriptions: “for the toilet”, “for the floor”, “for the shelves”. A bucket "for shelves" is also used for washing walls. The equipment used for cleaning inside the car is disinfected with a 3% solution of chloramine or a 5% solution of lysol with an exposure of 1 hour at the end of work, after which it is rinsed with water.

After completion of preparation at the point of formation or turnover, all passenger trains are subject to a sanitary inspection, which is carried out by employees of the sanitary control point together with employees of the passenger economy and with the participation of conductors. All orders of sanitary supervision are binding, and the departure of the passenger train may be delayed until all deficiencies identified during the sanitary inspection are eliminated, and the passenger car, at the request of a representative of the sanitary service, can be uncoupled from the train.

Passenger trains are equipped with the necessary interior equipment and products for tea by passenger train maintenance bases. The base performs laundry, dry cleaning, repair and disinfection of bedding. Preparation and issuance of property to equipped trains is carried out according to the schedule for supplying trains, drawn up in accordance with the schedule of their departure.

Mattresses, pillows, blankets, curtains, napkins and other equipment according to the number of beds are given to the newly formed train in accordance with the norm established for each car. The amount of bed linen issued on a trip is determined by the duration of the trip, the number of beds in the car and the estimated occupancy of the cars. Bed linen and other sleeping equipment is brought to each car and handed over to the conductors.

Passenger bedding consists of a mattress, pillow, duvet, mattress covers, pillow and bed linen. The bed linen set includes two sheets, a closed-type pillowcase, a towel, in SV carriages - instead of one sheet, a duvet cover. The bed linen set is placed in a sealed or stitched cloth envelope or a stitched or thermally sealed synthetic film bag. Bed linen is packaged in special bags of 15 sets, which are sealed and numbered. Sheets, pillowcases and towels must be stamped by the company with the year of commissioning. Some of the sheets and pillowcases are made of cotton fabric with the marks of Russian Railways JSC in the form of a continuous ornament.

The quantity and quality of internal inventory issued to passenger cars of various categories: international, branded, ambulance, local, SV, compartment, reserved seat, - is established by the list approved by the order of Russian Railways, as well as the Regulations on branded train. The internal equipment may include curtains and curtains, carpet runners, corridor and compartment rugs, tires for corridor runners, napkins for window tables, sofa covers, cup holders, glasses, teaspoons, plates, knives and forks, teapots for making tea and for boiling water, towels for dishes, board games, brushes for clothes and shoes, paper and toilet soap, as well as equipment for the sanitary maintenance of the car, a vacuum cleaner, fire extinguishers, boarding numbers, route boards and other equipment.

The conductor is financially responsible for the safety of the internal inventory, he personally accepts and returns it. If the inventory is damaged or lost by the passenger, the conductor shall take measures to reimburse its cost for the railways. The cost of the damaged or 1 lost item is deducted from the passenger according to the price list approved by the order of Russian Railways.

Products for the tea trade, tea and other utensils are received by the outfitting brigade (or train crew) at the passenger service base and transported to the wagons. She also brings charcoal or peat briquettes for boilers.

The cars are supplied with soap, toilet paper, dishwashing detergents (soda, Progress detergent). Each car is provided with cleaning equipment: a vacuum cleaner, brooms, a dustpan, detergents and disinfectants, rags and rags, marked buckets (for floors, for shelves, for toilets). Each car must have a tank with a disinfectant solution and a ruff. The first-aid kits of the current use and emergency are completed with medicines. The passenger train must have two stretchers.

2.2. Supply of water and coal to passenger cars at the points of formation, turnover and on the way

At the start and end points and during the journey, passenger cars are supplied with water, and in the winter heating season - with coal. Along the route of a passenger train, the supply of coal and water is carried out at stations with parking sufficient for this operation, every 8-12 hours of train movement. To supply the wagon with water, tankers connect its water filling pipes to the water taps available at the station with hoses. The conductor opens the shut-off valves in the filling pipes and monitors the refueling of the car, preventing water from overflowing onto the track. The conductor must pay attention to how the car is refueled. It is strictly forbidden to drag filling hoses with heads on the ground. The heads of the water-filling hoses between fillings must be placed in special devices to prevent their contamination. At all water supply points with a water distribution network of both capital and temporary types, the compliance of water quality with the requirements of GOST is periodically checked.

The wagon attendant is obliged to ensure that the heads of the water-filling nozzles of the wagons are also protected from contamination. In order to prevent freezing, the heads of the filling pipes are equipped with water or electric heaters. The most reliable means is to heat the filling pipes with hot water. The water heater consists of a welded cylindrical body at the end of the filling pipe. Hot water is supplied to and removed from the heater through pipes. The body of the heater should always feel hot to the touch. Disconnecting taps and valves on the inlet and outlet pipes of the heater are constantly open in winter. After refueling, the valves on the water pipes are closed.

Heating of passenger cars is started at an outside air temperature of +10°C and below. At the beginning of the heating season, even at positive air temperatures, coal is supplied only at the points of formation and turnover of trains. IN winter time all passenger trains with a turnover of more than a day are supplied with coal at the points of formation, turnover and at intermediate stations indicated in the train schedule.

The norms for the supply of coal of certain grades are established by Russian Railways for specific railways (Table 1). The amount of coal for one day (in kilograms) is calculated depending on the outside temperature and the grade of coal available at the supply point.

Table 1.

Coal is delivered to trains on electric cars, tractors with trailers and trucks packaged in metal boxes with a capacity of 15 kg. The conductors pour the coal from the boxes into the places of its storage in the car, and the boxes are returned. In the points of formation and turnover in winter, passenger cars must be supplied to their full capacity.

Trains running on combined heating can be heated by both electricity and coal, and therefore are supplied at formation points at the full rate, and at intermediate stations - only in an emergency, when for some reason the electric heating does not work and coal is issued at the request of the chief passenger train.

2.3. Boarding and accommodation of passengers in the carriage

The main task of the carriage conductor is to provide the necessary amenities and services to passengers along the route. The most important moments in the work of the conductor are boarding passengers and placing them in the car, ensuring normal heating, ventilation and lighting in the car, providing bedding, tea, board games, and necessary information.

Boarding of passengers at the initial point of departure of the train begins immediately after it is announced on the loudspeaker network of the station, and on the way - after the arrival of the train and disembarkation of passengers. Any delay in boarding has an unpleasant effect on passengers, so the conductor must prepare for it in advance. During boarding, the conductor meets passengers in front of the entrance to the car, and if the weather is bad - in the vestibule at the open door of the car. Boarding in the car is made through the open vestibule doors of the working (boiler) side of the car from the boarding platform.

When boarding, the conductor is obliged to carefully check the travel documents of passengers: to establish whether the travel documents are correctly issued, whether the train number, direction, date of boarding and departure, as well as the category and number of the wagon and seat correspond to those indicated in the documents. If necessary, he may also ask the passenger to present documents giving the right to purchase a reduced ticket.

If, upon boarding, the conductor discovers that the ticket office has sold two or more tickets for one seat, he allows the passenger to enter the carriage and asks him to wait for a decision on the issue of granting him a seat. The head of the train himself or with the help of the station staff allocates a seat to the passenger here or transfers him to another car. You should apologize to the passenger for the mistake made by the railway workers.

Passengers under the influence of alcohol are not allowed to board the train. If a drunken passenger is discovered by a conductor during a trip, then the head of the train or police officers remove him from the car. At the same time, an act is drawn up, which, in addition to the conductor or the head of the train, is signed by two more witnesses. A passenger who is intoxicated with alcohol is given an appropriate note on the ticket or the ticket is canceled, and thus he is deprived of the opportunity to use or return this ticket.

It is forbidden to board passengers with hand luggage, the total weight of which exceeds the established norm (36 kg per adult or child ticket) or it clutters up the aisles or compartments. Overweight hand luggage the passenger is offered to pay at the current rate through the ticket office of the station or directly to the head of the train. Only after that is landing allowed. Since there are no scales at the stations to determine the exact weight of hand luggage, it is set approximately, by external examination.

It is forbidden to carry flammable, explosive and toxic substances in passenger cars. If they are found in the passenger's hand luggage, he may be denied boarding the train or removed from the train. Travel may only be permitted after the passenger has removed the dangerous goods from their carry-on baggage. If a passenger is refused a trip due to the presence of flammable, explosive and toxic cargo in his things, his travel documents do not lose their validity.

The conductor is obliged to warn passengers so that they do not forget the tickets with the escort. 5 minutes before the departure of the train, the head of the train warns passengers about this via the train loudspeaker network. 2 minutes before departure, the head of the train over the loud-speaking network, and the conductors - in the cars, offer the mourners to leave the cars.

Passengers for whom tickets were issued without specifying a seat have the right to enter the carriage. If there are empty seats after the departure of the train, they are provided to them, and if there are no seats, they are transferred to other cars or offered to wait until the seats become free.

Passengers are pleased to see a friendly and polite conductor when landing. It should provide assistance to elderly passengers, disabled people and passengers with children. If there were any misunderstandings when boarding the car or the passenger asked the conductor, he suggests that he wait for the end of boarding, and if the passenger has travel documents for this train or this car, he asks him to enter the car. After boarding and departure of the train, the conductor himself or with the help of the head of the train resolves the misunderstandings that have arisen or satisfies the request of the passenger. If there is no way to meet him, you need to politely explain the reason.

After the departure of the passenger train from the station, the conductor passes through the car, once again checks the travel documents and their compliance with the seats occupied by passengers in reserved seat, compartment and soft cars, takes the travel documents from the passengers and arranges them in accordance with the numbers of seats in the car in pockets for storage of tickets. Tickets are redeemed by folding and tearing. Can't redeem tickets transit passengers who will make a transfer to another train, and those passengers who have declared that they will make a stop permitted by the Rules of Transportation along the route. For passengers who wish to receive bed linen, the conductor brings and gives out sets of linen directly at their seats.

If the train left the starting point and there are two conductors in the car, then in order to reduce the time they serve the passengers together: one collects tickets, the second distributes bed linen. Then the attendant on duty fills out the occupancy and bed linen consumption form of the LU-72 form: notes the stations for boarding and disembarking passengers, the numbers of the seats they occupy, and makes a note about the issuance of linen.

By mutual agreement, two passengers can exchange places, informing the conductor of the car about this. If a passenger turned to the conductor with a request to provide him with a lower seat instead of the upper one or to replace a seat in one compartment with a seat more convenient for him in another compartment, the conductor allows this only with the consent of the other passengers. In this case, the conductor should be extremely polite. The conductor informs the head of the train about the requests of passengers to transfer them to another carriage or to a carriage of a higher category, who makes the decision.

In all cases, when the ticket office mistakenly sold tickets for the same seats to two or more passengers, the conductor allows one of them to take this seat. First of all, a place is provided for the disabled, the sick, the elderly, war veterans, passengers with children or those who came to board earlier. The head of the train himself or with the help of the station staff places the second passenger in an empty seat in this or another carriage in accordance with the Rules of Transportation.

Passengers place hand luggage in the designated places. The conductor is obliged to explain to the passengers that the lockers under the lower shelves are used to store bedding and that only when the lockers are empty, passengers who have sleeping places both on the lower and on the upper shelves can put their things there. In passenger cars below the floor level there is a container for storing used linen. It is forbidden to put any things of passengers there.

As mentioned above, the passenger must start his journey from the point indicated on the ticket. If at the time of departure of the train the seat turned out to be free, the head of the train places the passenger on it or puts him on sale, therefore, the passenger who boards the train already on the route loses the right to the seat indicated on his ticket at the starting point of departure. IN international trains there is a procedure according to which a seat not occupied by a passenger within 30 minutes after the departure of the train is considered free and can be provided to another passenger or put on sale.

If, when boarding a train, passengers with small animals or birds (although this is permitted by the Rules of Transportation), compartment neighbors object to joint travel with them, the conductor can resolve this conflict himself or with the help of the head of the train. If a passenger in a compartment of an international carriage objects to the carriage of animals, the owner of the animal is given a seat in another compartment. If he does not agree to pay the fare and reserved seat in a separate compartment, he is denied transportation.

Passengers of different sexes may travel together in sleeping cars on an international train only with mutual consent. Otherwise, the head of the train is obliged to transfer them to another compartment.

Conductors must warn the passengers of their car about the approach to their destination station. Sleeping car attendants are responsible for the passage of passengers to the destination and transfer stations indicated on the ticket. If the passenger passes through the disembarkation station, an act is drawn up signed by the head of the train, the conductor and the passenger himself. The act is certified at the station and gives the passenger the right to return to the destination station that he passed without paying the fare.

If it is established that the passenger has lagged behind the train, the conductor informs the head of the train about this. Then, with the participation of two passengers as witnesses, they draw up an act in which they indicate the type and number of things belonging to the lagging passenger. The act is signed by the head of the train, the conductors of the car and both passenger-witnesses. The conductor is obliged to ensure the safety of things and, at the direction of the head of the train, transfer them to the station along the route or at the destination. If the conductor finds forgotten or lost things in the carriage, he must treat them as a find. These items may be returned during the flight to the passenger claiming the loss, provided that the passenger can accurately describe them. The passenger must confirm the fact of returning things to the conductor in any form - in writing or orally. If the owner of the lost things is not found, they are handed over to the chamber of forgotten things at the train station of the destination station.

2.4. Passenger service en route

The work performed by the conductor on the way is diverse, and its main goal is to provide passengers with comfortable, sanitary, hygienic and safe. travel conditions. The conductor's responsibilities include; providing passengers with the necessary services, managing the technical devices of the car - heating, ventilation, air conditioning, etc., sanitary maintenance of the carriage, ensuring the observance of the rules of travel by passengers, maintaining public order in the carriage, recording and transferring empty seats, providing the necessary assistance to Passengers in case of illness, providing the passenger with the information he needs about the train schedule.

At least twice a day, the conductor is obliged to do wet cleaning in the car. Four times a day, and if necessary, and more often, toilets should be cleaned with obligatory washing of floors. In compartment, soft and SV cars, the tracks in the compartment and corridor are vacuumed twice a day. Before train stops at large stations, when traveling through the sanitary zones of cities and resort places, before bridges and tunnels, toilets should be closed, and passengers should be explained that this is required by sanitary regulations.

Passengers dump garbage into a special box in the small corridor of the car (from the side of the non-working vestibule). An inscription with a pointing arrow "For garbage" is posted on the wall of the car. The conductor burns the garbage accumulated along the way in the boiler furnace or removes it into special garbage bins at the stations indicated in the schedule book. Throwing garbage on the hauls and stations is prohibited for both passengers and train staff.

Passenger trains in our country can pass through several climatic zones in one run, from north to south, from west to east and vice versa, so one of the most important duties of the conductor is to maintain the necessary thermal conditions in the car. This is possible with proper operation of the heating and ventilation system.

At an outside air temperature of up to -40 °C, the temperature in the car is maintained with coal heating not lower than 18 °C, with electric combined heating, within 18-20 °C. Before boarding, the car must be sufficiently warmed up. On the way, the wagon conductor is obliged to heat the water heating boiler, monitor the operation and condition of the heating system. In cars with electric or combined (electric or coal) heating, it must constantly operate in automatic mode, and manual heating control is switched over with the permission of the head of the train or train electrician only in case of a malfunction of the automation elements or in violation of the normal temperature regime.

Passenger cars are equipped with devices for natural and forced ventilation. The conductor of the car must know their work well and correctly apply this knowledge in practice. It is necessary to provide normal in the car! air exchange, so that during a long stay of a significant number of passengers, the humidity and temperature of the air do not increase in it and the content of substances harmful to the life of the body does not exceed the permissible norm. The temperature in the car is regulated by means of ventilation devices, especially the air conditioning system. As a rule, passengers feel good when the air temperature inside the car is 18-20 °C and the humidity is 30-70%. The maximum allowable "carbon dioxide content in the air is 0.1% by volume, dust - no more than 1 mg / m3.

With an increase in the speed of passenger trains up to 160 km/h and higher, the ingress of dust into the car with closed windows, doors and reflectors increases sharply as a result of suction through leaks, so the ventilation system must create the necessary air boost from inside the car in order to ensure air exchange and exclude dust ingress.

During the journey, the conductor must constantly monitor the temperature in the car and the state of ventilation, not only relying on his feelings, but also following the readings of the instruments. You should also listen to the opinions of passengers. Being engaged in his work or being in the office, the conductor may not feel stuffiness and high temperature in the car.

Forced ventilation in winter mode provides additional heat supply for heating the car, since the air is heated by a heater, in summer it is used to exchange air and cool the air inside the car. The installation of forced ventilation of a passenger car operates in three modes, or steps, of operation. The first stage with a small volume of supplied air is used in winter. The second stage with the supply of an average volume of air into the car is used in spring, autumn or summer with a small population of the car and at a relatively low outside air temperature. The third stage with the supply of a large volume of air is used in the summer.

The most comfortable conditions for passengers are created in carriages equipped with air conditioning devices. In these installations, the air supplied to the car in summer is cooled and heated in winter, which makes it possible to change the temperature, humidity and other parameters of the air inside the car in a wider range. Air conditioning makes it possible to create normal driving conditions in the car at an outside air temperature from + 32°C to - 40°C. At present, air-conditioning units are installed on SV carriages, restaurant carriages and part of compartment carriages. In these cars, the compartment windows do not open, and the windows in the carriage corridor open through one.

The car is naturally ventilated through ceiling vents and openable windows. The conductor, using heating and ventilation devices in winter and summer, regulates the temperature and air exchange inside the car. Normal thermal regime in the car in winter, when low temperatures outside air is achieved by the correct operation of the water heating system of the boiler and heating of the air coming from the ventilation unit to a temperature of at least 20 °C.

If the car becomes too hot, the conductor must reduce the heating of the heating boiler and increase the air flow through the fan. In winter, with a large population of cars, especially reserved seats or with common places, with the ventilation system running, it is necessary to slightly open the deflectors in the passenger room to improve air exchange and remove used air with high humidity and carbon dioxide content. From the side of the boiler end of the car, the deflectors are opened by 10-15 mm, in the non-boiler part of the car - by 20-25 mm.

An objective indicator of the poor performance of the ventilation unit is fogging of the windows on the inside of the car. In this case, the conductor turns on a higher air supply to the car, and in order not to cool the room, it increases the heating work. In the event of a failure of the car's power supply system or a malfunction of the ventilation unit itself, the deflectors open.

In summer, when the outside air temperature is +20 °C and above, the car's ventilation system must operate continuously, including at train stops. The fan is turned off for 10-15 minutes during each hour of operation. When the temperature in the car rises above + 25°C, the ventilation unit does not provide a decrease in temperature, therefore, it is necessary to open the windows on one side of the car, and at a temperature of +30°C and above, open all the windows. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that when driving on double-track sections on the right side along the course of the train, there is a danger of dust from oncoming trains entering the open windows of the car (Fig. 1). Therefore, it is necessary to open windows on the right side along the train. When the train is moving at a speed of over 120 km / h, the windows are not opened, as through them it will get into the car a large number of dust. In summer and when forced ventilation is running, all deflectors must be open; in winter, deflectors in the toilets are constantly left open.

"open" position "closed" position

Fig.1. Closing and opening windows in a passenger car: 1 latch; 2-triangular head; 3-push frame; 4-retainer; 5-handle

On fig. 1 shows devices for closing and opening a wagon. When preparing the sliding windows for the winter, the latch 1 must be locked. The triangular screws 2 mounted on the pressure frame 3 must be evenly tightened. In this state, no more windows can be opened. Opening windows with force leads to damage to the fixing parts and the windows themselves.

The air conditioning unit must operate in automatic mode and maintain the air temperature in the car within 22-25 °С in summer and 18-22 °С in winter. The operation of the unit will be automatically adjusted by means of thermostats installed in the car, which regulate the temperature change. If the thermostats fail, you can switch to manual control. Permission for this is given by the train electrician, to whom the conductor of the car must contact in case of any malfunction of the air conditioning, ventilation, power supply systems.

The conductor is obliged to constantly provide the passengers of his carriage with boiled chilled water. To do this, the car has a combined continuous boiler, a cooler of drinking water and a tank for drinking water with a collapsible tap. The boiler (Fig. 2) serves to provide passengers with drinking water and to prepare tea.

Fig.2. Drinking water supply system

At the stopping point, before the car is brought in for boarding, the conductor melts the boiler furnace and heats it with charcoal or fuel briquettes. The electric heating of the boiler is switched on only when the train is in motion. The productivity of the continuous boiler when operating on solid fuel is 16-18 l/h, on electric heating - 12-14 l/h. After preparing a sufficient amount of boiled water (at a level on the gauge glass of the boiler corresponding to the mark of 15 l), it is pumped with a hand pump into the drinking water cooler until it appears in sight glass at the top of the cooler. Then, a cooling unit is turned on on the electrical distribution board. Check the quality of drinking water and its temperature, which should be in the range of 12-18 ° C.

The place for the analysis of drinking water is located in the niche of the wall of the service compartment, located in the small corridor of the boiler end of the car.

Hot water is also needed for washbasins in toilets and for washing dishes. There are water heaters in the boiler compartment of the car. In summer, water is heated by a furnace, in winter - by a coil with hot water, the temperature of which should not exceed 70 °C. The handler's service room is equipped with a dish sink made in the form of an enameled steel sink or a stainless steel sink. The sink has a hot and cold water mixer and a drain pipe. Hot water is supplied through a special pipeline to the washbasins in the toilets, and is also used for cleaning the car, washing the toilets and thawing the toilets in winter.

The power supply system of modern passenger cars ensures the operation of fluorescent lighting, ventilation and air conditioning devices, high-voltage heating of the car, as well as a combined boiler and drinking water cooler, converters for electric shavers. The conductor is directly involved in managing the operation of the wagon power supply system and controls the operation of the heating alarm of the rail axle boxes of the wagon and the fire alarm.

The main control, signaling and protection devices are installed on the electrical distribution board located in the conductor's service compartment. From the control panel of the electrical distribution board, with the help of switches and buttons, the entire power supply system of the car, as well as heating and ventilation, is controlled. On the control panel of the cars there is also an alarm (lamps) for a short circuit and current leakage to ground of the positive and negative circuits, switching on the fluorescent lighting converter, switching on groups of lighting devices, an electric boiler, a drinking water cooler, a heating system circulation pump, a converter for electric shavers, tail signal lights. On the control panel there are signal lamps for supplying high-voltage voltage to the main and turning on the heating of the car. In addition, there is an alarm for the heating of the axle boxes.

In the event of an emergency failure of the generator and battery, current is supplied through the low-voltage undercarriage line from the neighboring car and vice versa.

The conductor must know how to control the power supply system of the wagons, be able to identify emerging faults. To do this, a general scheme of the power supply system is posted in the service compartment. There is a specification of the elements that make up the scheme, and their basic data are given. The components of the scheme are the power supply system, lighting system, high-voltage electric heating, ventilation unit control, radio broadcasting network, radio installation (in carriages with a radio compartment).

The main switch for the power supply system has three modes: day, evening and night. In the "day mode" position, the lighting lamps of the boiler room, sockets in the corridor, toilets and under the car, ringing bells are turned on. In the position of the main switch "evening mode" all lighting lamps are turned on, and in the position "night mode" only incandescent lamps and sockets are switched on.

During the established hours of operation of the train radio hub, passengers get the opportunity to listen to the latest news, feature-rich, musical and entertainment programs. Of particular importance is service information, which in each train must be transmitted at least twice a day. Passengers are informed of the main provisions of the Rules for the carriage of passengers, including the rules of passenger behavior in railway transport. Passengers are warned about the need to comply with fire safety rules and public order. The conductor must not only monitor the health of the radio broadcast in the car, but also warn passengers about the need to “listen to service information. check the loudness of the loudspeakers, especially in the corridor of the compartment and soft cars, and, if necessary, reduce the sound.

The conductor is obliged to monitor the observance of public order in the carriage, not to allow drinking alcohol, smoking in compartments, corridors, toilets and vestibules on the working side of the carriage, as well as the presence of unauthorized persons in the carriage. Gambling and speculation are also not allowed. Passage in vestibules, on the transition platform and on the roof of the car is prohibited.

It is the responsibility of the conductor to ensure the safety of the internal inventory and the passenger car itself. Free compartments must be locked, with the radio turned off, lights and windows closed.

The conductor warns passengers about arrival at the destination station in advance, and 30 minutes before that removes bedding, pays passengers for tea and confectionery and returns tickets to them. After the train has completely stopped at the destination station, the conductor opens the outer vestibule door, wipes the handrails and starts disembarking and then boarding passengers.

Upon arrival of the train at the turnaround point, after disembarking passengers, the conductors collect the used bed linen in bags and put them in lockers, put mattresses, pillows and blankets on the upper shelves and in the ceiling niches. They vacuum and roll up the carpets and compartment rugs, sweep the floors, dust the sofas, shelves, tables, walls, electrical fittings, take out the garbage from the cars to special waste bins. During the stopover of the train at the turnaround point, all floors and toilets must be washed. This is done by a team of washers or the conductors themselves, depending on the established procedure. At the point of formation and registration of a passenger train, after arrival, both used and clean linen are counted and folded, preparing it for delivery. They sweep the floor, dust off all the internal surfaces of passenger rooms, corridors, clean the toilet rooms, the boiler room, vestibules. Remove trash from wagons. If the brigade changes, then it rents the internal inventory of the car to another brigade or to the storerooms.

2.5. Services provided to passengers on trains

On the train, passengers are provided with a whole range of free and paid services. Bedding and a set of bed linen in packaged form (two sheets, a pillowcase and a towel) are issued in carriages with berths. The fee for using it is 1 ruble, but if the set includes additional items: a second towel, toilet soap, etc., the cost of the service increases. The passenger has the right to demand replacement of poor-quality bed linen without payment. On the way, the passenger can take for a fee a new set of bed linen to replace the used one. Receipts for the use of bed linen are not issued. For business travelers, a ticket for a bed in a carriage serves as a report for using a bed on a train.

The conductors make all the beds in the SV carriages, and in the compartment and second-class carriages - only for the disabled and the elderly. Bedding is taken from passengers no earlier than 30 minutes before arrival at the destination station. Passengers make their own bed, and the conductor takes it from the compartment from bed. In the SV carriages, the conductor cleans the linen.

Branded trains are served for boarding with beds made on the upper shelves of compartment cars. In international trains, the cost of using bedding is included in the price of the reserved seat. If an international train departs at night from 21:00 to 07:00 local time, the sleeping places must be made up by the conductor of the car in accordance with the data of the cartogram of sold seats, which he has before the train arrives at the platform where boarding will take place. If an international train departs during the day, the conductor prepares beds with bedding at the request of the passengers.

The toilets in all trains must be - toilet paper and soap.

All passenger cars are supplied with tea, sugar in individual packaging, confectionery products in small packages (biscuits, waffles, etc.). In carriages of passenger trains of all categories, passengers should be offered tea at least three times a day from 8 am to 10 am, from 3 pm to 5 pm and from 8 pm to 10 pm local time, and in branded and international trains - additionally at the request of passengers at any time days. Tea is brewed in a special teapot with boiling water from the boiler in the car. The joint indication of Russian Railways and the Ministry of Trade of the Russian Federation established the norm for laying tea in a glass of drink - 1.25 g. For the preparation of tea leaves, tea of ​​the highest and first grades is used in a ratio of 1: 1. 25 g of tea should be consumed per liter of tea leaves, 50 ml of tea leaves per glass of tea (200 ml).

The payment for tea, coffee and confectionery offered to passengers is charged in the following amounts:

for tea (without sugar) made from bulk tea - 2 kopecks. for a glass;

for tea (without sugar), for the preparation of which tea is used in small packaging (bags of mass-I soy 2 and 3 g) - 4 kopecks. for a glass;

for natural, instant, sugar-free coffee (a bag of 2.5 g) - 22 kopecks. for a glass; for sugar, 2 pieces weighing 15 g in individual packaging or for a bag of sugar made of laminated paper weighing 10 g - 2 kopecks each. for packing.

Tea is served to the passenger with the amount of sugar that he wants, or without sugar, also at his request. Confectionery products are sold to passengers at retail prices of the 2nd belt with a 20% mark-up, and crackers - at retail prices of the 2nd zone.

Payment for tea and confectionery products is made with the consent of the passenger immediately, a day before or completely at the end of the trip. It is prohibited to take money in advance for these services.

Passenger trains provide for the sale of souvenirs, household and industrial goods, which must be carried out by carriage conductors. These additional responsibilities are determined by a joint order of Russian Railways and the Ministry of Trade of the Russian Federation of 1987. Trade organizations, and they can be city or local trade enterprises, departments and departments of working supplies of railways, organize training for trade conductors on the basis of programs approved by the Ministry of Trade of the Russian Federation and curricula. Then, an employment contract is concluded with the conductors of the carriages or they are enrolled as part-time sellers in the states of trading enterprises and issue certificates of admission to trade in passenger trains.

Conductors who sell goods on trains are provided with special equipment (season seals, locks, trays, trolleys), advertising brochures, letterheads, packaging materials with the Russian Railways logo. By order of Russian Railways and the Ministry of Trade of the Russian Federation, an indicative list of goods to be sold on passenger trains was approved. For this additional work, the trading company pays the conductor a remuneration in the amount of 5% of the proceeds.

Kiosks or shops created at the points of location of the reserves of conductors, in car depots, sections or DOPs should supply conductors with goods. Based on the requests of the conductors, the employees of the trade enterprise select goods in a quantity sufficient for trading in wagons on the direct and return trips. Goods are released to the conductor upon presentation of a certificate of admission to trade and issue an invoice in four copies. The invoice must contain the date, train number, route, time of departure, last name, first name, patronymic of the seller (conductor), number of his certificate, list and quantity of goods, their retail prices, cost of goods and amount on the invoice, name and amount of inventory issued. The waybill is signed by the storekeeper who issued the goods, and the seller (conductor) who accepted it. The first and third copies of the waybill remain with the storekeeper, the second is placed in the container with the goods, the fourth is handed over to the conductor. The conductor sells the goods issued to him at state retail prices with a 5% trade markup. The sale of goods that are not indicated in the income statement is prohibited.

Conductors-sellers are obliged to ensure the safety of the goods and monetary values ​​accepted by them along the route, they bear financial responsibility for them. In case of damage or damage to goods, an act is drawn up in three copies signed by the head of the train and the conductor-seller, indicating the reasons for the damage or damage to the goods, their quantity and cost. The first copy of the act is sent to the road department, the second is attached to the commodity report, and the third is left with the seller.

After the end of the trip, the conductor is obliged to hand over the proceeds for the sold goods to the cash desk of the trade enterprise and, no later than 24 hours after returning from the trip, deliver the unsold goods to the storekeeper, issuing a return on the second and fourth copies of the income statement, and submit the commodity report to the accounting department of the trade enterprise. The second copy of the invoice, which is a reporting document, is submitted to the accounting department, the fourth is transferred to the storekeeper for posting unsold goods.

On the way, passengers are informed through the train radio center about the goods available to the conductor and their prices.

Passenger trains sell newspapers, magazines and books. There is an Agreement on the procedure for organizing the sale of periodicals on railway transport, concluded between Russian Railways and the Ministry of Communications of the Russian Federation. Newspapers, magazines and other printed publications are sold by conductors on passenger trains under an agreement with Rospechat enterprises. They are issued certificates for the right to sell periodicals and non-periodical publications and to receive newspapers along the way. This work is supervised directly by the head of the passenger train. He must periodically announce printed materials available for sale from train crew members on the train radio network.

Car conductors receive newspapers and magazines from Rospechat's expeditions located at passenger train formation points. Newspapers and magazines prepared for sale on trains must be packed in bundles; upon issuance, an invoice of form SP-22 is drawn up. The first copy of the consignment note is taken by the conductor, and a copy of it with the conductor's signature remains in the expedition of the communications company. Upon returning from the flight, the conductors hand over the cash proceeds to the enterprises of Rospechat according to receipt orders, and unsold publications - according to receipt invoices, drawn up in two copies. Receipts of credit orders and the first copies of waybills are issued to conductors of passenger cars. At the enterprises of Rospechat, for each conductor, personal accounts of the form SP-9 are opened, which take into account the cost of issued publications, the cash proceeds to be handed over and the cost of returned publications.

The conductors purchase fresh newspapers during the voyage from forwarders of Rospechat enterprises at railway stations at the expense of the money they received from the sale of printed materials or received on the expedition of the train formation point. Employees of Rospechat expeditions located at railway stations deliver bundles of newspapers directly to the trains and hand them over to conductors for cash. In the waybill form SP-22 for the issued newspapers, the amount payable for the newspapers and the amount of commissions are indicated.

For the sale of printed publications in passenger trains, carriage attendants once a month receive a commission in the amount of 10% of the nominal value of publications. In cases where the receipt of periodicals is disrupted due to the fault of the enterprises of Rospechat, the leadership of the reserve of conductors informs these enterprises or the Union or Republican Ministry of Communications for action, and on the way, the head of the train must give a telegram about this. If the conductors refuse to receive newspapers delivered to the car, the Rospechat enterprises notify the management of the car depot, the car section or the reserve of conductors about this.

According to the Rules for the Transportation of Passengers, all carriages of long-distance passenger trains must have board games (dominoes, checkers and chess), which are given to passengers free of charge.

A passenger occupying a seat on the second shelf has the right to receive seat belts. If the upper shelves of the carriage are not equipped for the use of such belts, the conductor must politely explain to the passenger that it is impossible to satisfy his request.

Passengers are provided with medicines available in the train first-aid kit free of charge.

In a number of branded trains, free household corners, children's rooms, reference and information compartments, and train libraries are organized on a voluntary basis.

Depending on the organization of work and local conditions, the train crew can also provide passengers with a number of services: organizing ticket validation for a further trip or taking orders for a direct reserved seat, calling porters, receiving telegrams, taxi orders. IN branded trains there are such services for passengers as clothing repair, a hairdresser's, etc. International and a number of other trains for general use carry advertising publications of Soviet railways, political literature in Russian and languages ​​of foreign countries. To the services of passengers who are on a long trip, paid video salons are organized in many trains.

Note

In paragraph 2.5, the prices of 1987 are indicated

Conclusion

Memo for conductors of passenger cars long distance:

“On sanitary requirements for the internal cleaning of wagons along the route”

To maintain cleanliness and compliance with sanitary norms and rules along the way, the conductor of a passenger car must regularly clean the car interior, passenger compartments, and toilets. It is also necessary to regularly wash the dishes used by passengers and conductors of the cars. At the same time, it must be remembered that the dishes intended for the passenger are stored in a specially designated place and separately from the dishes of the conductors.

1.Used for cleaning saloons and compartments: 1% solution of a special asset (100 ml (half a glass) of funds per 10 liters of water).

2.Used for cleaning toilets: 3% solution of septopol (300 ml of the product (1.5 cups) per 10 liters of water

3.Used for washing dishes: 0.5% -2% soda ash solution (5 grams per 1 liter of water)

6.Anti-epidemic measures .

When identified among passengers or members train crew persons with suspected infectious disease should:

6.1. Report through the head of the train to the first-aid post, UPC or other medical institutions nearest along the train, about the presence of an infectious patient in the composition;

6.2. Isolate the patient in a separate compartment, and transfer the passengers who had contact with him to the next compartment, having previously released him from the passengers.

6.3.B reserved seat car curtain the compartment with sheets soaked in a 1% bleach solution;

6.4. All work related to the current disinfection, as well as the processing of patient care items, is carried out in overalls and rubber gloves.

6.5. For the patient, two containers are allocated necessary for collecting secretions (located on the staff car).

6.6. Current disinfection of all utensils available on the car is carried out in a 1.0% solution of bleach;

6.7. Disinfection is carried out in toilets, in the salon, in the compartment, all walls, floors, ceilings, shelves are wiped with rags soaked in a 1.0% bleach solution.

6.8. The underwear and bed linen contaminated with the secretions of the patient is collected in an oilcloth bag or in a pillowcase pre-moistened in 1.0% bleach solution and stored in the patient's compartment in one of the lockers of the lower shelf, to the railway station where the patient will be removed and final disinfection will be carried out .

6.9. The floor, walls, ceilings, doors, windows, shelves and lockers in the patient's compartment, as well as places contaminated with the patient's secretions, are first treated with disinfectants and then cleaned and washed using disinfectants. Toilets, wash bowls, toilet bowls, car interiors, floors, walls and ceilings are also cleaned using disinfectants.

7.Washing of tea utensils.

Wash glasses, coasters, spoons, forks and knives with hot water with the addition of soda ash, rinse, put in a dishwashing rinse or in the sink in the attendant's office, pour boiling water and leave for a few minutes (the drain hole of the sink must be closed with a cork).

When accepting the wagon, the conductor must make sure that there is a plug to close the drain hole. Dry washed dishes on a tray or put on a clean towel.

8.Car cleaning in flight

When cleaning a wagon on a voyage, the conductor must carry out the following types of work:

8.1. Clean the interior of the car, along the corridor, along the compartment with a vacuum cleaner at night - sweep the corridor and all vestibules with a broom, as well as free compartments without interfering with the rest of passengers.

8.2. Clean the floor in the toilet and the floor behind the toilet with a wet rag intended for cleaning the toilets, wipe the wash bowls in the toilets with another rag, if necessary, renew the disinfectant in the tanks with a brush. Wipe the toiletry shelf, mirror, soap dish, washbasin faucet, windows, walls and ceiling in the toilet. Add soap and toilet paper, and in the “branded” cars, check for paper towels.

8.3. Wash the floors, walls and windows in the vestibules (in winter, sweep the vestibules and break off the ice). In a non-working vestibule, clean and rinse the ashtrays.

8.4. Wipe the ventilation grilles in the vestibules, along the corridor, at the bottom of the compartment doors and the recirculation grille in cars with air conditioning.

8.5. Wipe along the corridor: the casing of the radiators of the heating system, window sills, cornices of sun blinds, handrails, advertising shelves, the upper part of the salon doors, glass and the doors themselves from traces of passenger sweat. Wipe compartment doors and walls along the corridor and window panes from passenger sweat stains.

8.6. Wash the boiler tray, it must be clean without dirt, ash, soot and grease stains around the entire perimeter. Clean and rinse the boiler sump filter. Wipe all metal parts and the boiler cover from dirt and dust. Rinse and clean the drain hole in the pan, and also rinse the doors that close the boiler. If the boiler is heated with solid fuel, clean the ash collection compartment.

8.7. Rinse and wipe the sink under the drinking water tap and pump drinking water into the water intake tank.

8.8. Wipe with a damp cloth intended for cleaning the floors along the corridor, the floors under the radiators of the heating system, the floors in the small vestibule (opposite the toilet on the non-working side) and the floors in the oblique vestibule on the working side.

8.9. The conductor's office must be clean, there must be nothing on the cupboard and cupboard intended for storing "tea" utensils and confectionery for the "tea" trade except for confectionery received on the flight. In addition, utensils for serving tea and utensils intended for the passenger should be stored inside the cabinet. The conductor is allowed to store his dishes and unspoiled food on another shelf of the cabinet.

For all products that are to be sold, there must be quality certificates and confectionery products must not be expired. It is strictly forbidden to store in a closet - " tea house"- items not related to trade in confectionery, "tea" utensils and food (money, wagon keys, etc.) Glasses must be clean, without smudges, without traces of food and without grease stains. Washed and dried glasses should be covered with a clean towel. Teapots and pots for drinking water must also be clean and free of tea leaves and traces of food. In the compartment for storing spoons, forks, knives, nothing other than the above should be stored.

8.10. In the sink located in the service compartment of the handler, there should be nothing other than dishwashing detergent. The sink must be kept clean, free of grease, and must not be clogged.

8.11. At the nearest station where there are boxes for collecting garbage,

the conductor is obliged to empty the garbage container in the car. Categorical

it is forbidden to dump garbage on the railway tracks.

9.Rules for storing bed linen

9.1. Bed linen should be stored: separately dirty, separately clean.

As an exception, it is allowed (if the drawer for dirty linen is already occupied with dirty linen or it is not available at all) storage in the conductors' rest compartment under the lower shelf, packed in a bag, dirty bed linen.

9.2. Clean linens should be packed in a bag and stored on the second shelves or attic niche. At the return point, dirty bed linen must be sealed by the head of the train.

9.3. The rules for storing incomplete linen (dish towels, napkins, curtains, etc.) are similar to the rules for storing bed linen.

9.4. Categorical It is forbidden to store dirty and clean linen (both complete and non-complete linen) in a locker in the conductor's service compartment, as well as near the "tea house" cabinet.

10.General sanitary requirements for the conductor on the route .

10.1. There must be four labeled buckets in the car: the bucket for cleaning the toilet - must be stored in the toilet or in the boiler room on the boiler, the bucket for cleaning the floors - must be stored under the titanium, the bucket for cleaning the tables - must be stored in a closable niche above the boiler and a garbage pail must be stored on the floor in the boiler room. It is strictly forbidden to wash or store anything in buckets. Storing a bucket in a bucket is not allowed.

10.2. Brooms should be stored in a small riser of a non-working vestibule.

10.3. Rags for cleaning the floors of the corridor, compartments, vestibules - stored on the floor under the casing of the radiators of the heating system along the corridor near the boiler. The toilet cleaning cloth must be stored on the toilet cleaning bucket in the toilet on the working side.

10.4. Each conductor of a passenger car must have two dressing gowns: one dressing gown for cleaning toilets (stored in a large riser of a non-working vestibule), a second dressing gown for cleaning the passenger compartment (stored in the attendant's office in a plastic bag in a locker).

10.5. The hose from the vacuum cleaner must be stored in the toilet on the working side behind the toilet, and the vacuum cleaner itself in the handler's service compartment.

10.6. After cleaning the car, the conductor must change (if necessary, as it gets dirty) the tire on the carpet.

10.7. All work on cleaning the toilets and the car is carried out by the conductor in rubber gloves, which, after cleaning, must be washed under running water without removing them from the hands. Wash hands with soap under running water and apply cream.

10.8. The cabin is cleaned at least three times a day, and the toilets are cleaned as needed, but at least four times a day.

10.9. Detergents and disinfectants must be stored in closed containers and must be signed. It is recommended to store them under the washbasin in the toilet on the working side.

10.10. Upon completion of cleaning, cleaning equipment, buckets, rags must be washed and disinfected.

CONDUCTOR REMEMBER!!!

COMPLIANCE WITH THESE RULES WILL PRESERVE YOUR HEALTH AND THE HEALTH OF YOUR PASSENGERS AND WILL NOT LEAD TO VIOLATION OF SANITARY NORMS AND REQUIREMENTS OF SANITARY CONTROL SERVICES.

Used Books

1. Passenger cars of the main railways. Instructions for the maintenance of equipment. - M.: Transport, 1986. - 80 p.

2. Hygienic preparation of the conductor. - M.: Transport, 1977. - 26 p.

3. Egorov V. P. Operation of electrical equipment for passenger cars. - M.: Transport, 1980. - 296 p.

4. Instructions for ensuring fire safety in the carriages of passenger trains. - M.: Transport, 1986. - 47 p.

5. Instructions to the conductor of passenger cars. - M.: Transport, 1982. - 15 p.

6. Instructions to the wagon inspector. - M.: Transport, 1983. - 93 p.

7. Instructions to the chief (mechanic-foreman) of a passenger train. - M.: Transport, 1982. - 14 p.

8. Instructions on the work of controllers-auditors and auditors-instructors for the control of passenger trains.-M., 1984. - 23 p.

9. Instructions for the maintenance of the heating installation of a passenger car.-M .: Transport, 1981. - 14 p.

10. Matveev V. I., Kalymulin Yu. M., Dremin L. G. Handbook for conductor passenger cars-M.; Transport, 1983.-255p.

11. General course and rules for the technical operation of railways / Ed. M. N. Khatskevich. - M.: Transport, 1983. - 394 p.

12. Fundamentals of a typical technological process of the centralized management of ticket sales on railways and branches. - M.: Transport, 1973. - 168 p.

13. Rules for issuing free tickets for travel on the railways of the USSR. - M.: Transport, 1979. - 47 p.

14. Rules for the carriage of international passengers and tourists traveling in passenger and tourist-excursion trains on the railways of the USSR. Collection; basic guidelines for rail transport. - M.: Transport, 1968. - 302 p.

15. Rules for the carriage of passengers and luggage by railways of the USSR (Tariff Guide No. 5). - M.: Transport, 1978. - 168 p.

16. Rules for the use of wagons in international passenger and railway freight traffic (PPV). Tariff guide No. 10/11-G. - M.: Transport, 1985. - - 136 p.

17. Rules for the technical operation of railways of the USSR. - M .: Transport, 1986. - 141 p.

18. Sanitary rules for equipment points for passenger cars at railway stations. - M.: 1986. - 17 p.

19. Collection of instructive and methodological materials on sanitary supervision of passenger traffic. - M.: Transport, 1974. - 117 p.

20. Agreement on International Passenger Transport (SMPS) and Service Instructions to SMPS (Tariff Guide No. 10-A and No. 10-B). - M.: Transport, 1978. - 141 p.

21. Soloveichik M. 3., Sotnikov T. A. Organization of passenger transportation. - M .: Transport, 1983. - 223 p.

22. Directory of international passenger messages. - M .: Transport, 1986. - 112 p.

23. Passenger Handbook. - M.: Transport, 1981. - 251 p.

24. Typical technological process of railway stations. - M.: Transport, 1978. - 53 p.

25. Typical technological process of inspection, uncoupled repair and equipping of passenger cars, - M.: Transport, 1975.-96 p.

The profession of a railway worker is STABLE like no other. Even during the most difficult transitional period, when many Russian enterprises stopped working, the railway continued to carry goods and passengers. The life and work of Russian Railways employees takes place in the limited space of cars according to the train schedule. The famous abbreviation of Russian Railways - Russian Railways - railway workers jokingly decipher how We rarely live at home. And this is true: the work schedule involves frequent travel and life away from home. The profession is ideal for those who do not like to sit in one place, are easy-going and crave new experiences. The profession is suitable for those who are interested in social studies (see choosing a profession for interest in school subjects).

The head of the train controls everything that happens on the train:

• responsible for the timely departure and arrival of the train and the safety of passengers on the way;
• supervises the work of conductors of all cars and technical personnel;
• analyzes conflict situations and complaints of passengers.

During the boarding of passengers on the train and along the route, the head of the train becomes the leader not only of the conductors, but also the patron of hundreds of passengers, whose comfort, health and life are his personal responsibility. He is confident in himself and his competence and always knows in what cases to call the transport police, in which - an ambulance, and where you can resolve the conflict or solve the problem on your own.

On any journey, unforeseen circumstances can occur, and the task of the head of the train is to prevent them as much as possible. Situations are different: from changing seats of passengers to the need to delay the departure of the train. It also happened: the DDT group was late for the train and had to take measures to delay the train. It is especially fun, but also troublesome to transport artists. Participants of the show "People's Artist" on the trip sang all night long.

The head of the train, like every conductor of the car, has the skills to provide first aid and maintenance of electrical equipment.

Features of the profession

The responsibilities of the head of the train are divided into stages:

1. before the train leaves must make a detour of all train cars, make sure that the train crew is complete, that all conductors and technical personnel are at their workplaces. Check the sanitary and technical readiness of the train cars, the completeness of the equipment of the cars with fuel, water, bedding, food and medicines. Control the timely supply of a passenger train for boarding passengers. Manage the landing process, resolve conflict situations that have arisen.

2. after the departure of the train announce by radio the route and time of arrival at the terminal station, inform about the rules of conduct on the way, about the location of the dining car, about the provision of paid and free services and other important information. To exercise control over the work of conductors and all attendants, their observance of the duty schedule and uniforms, the quality performance of functional duties. Maintain constant control over the provision of railcars with fuel and water. Take measures to provide medical assistance if necessary: ​​call medical workers from among the passengers or from the nearest station. At the end of the trip - the collection of cash proceeds from the conductors for the provision of services, the collection of fines and surcharges, and the preparation of a report. Issue books of reviews and suggestions at the request of passengers.

3. upon arrival at the final station - establish a duty schedule for the conductors during the parking time, inform the PTO (technical service point) about the malfunctions of the cars found on the way, and monitor their elimination. Submit an application for equipping wagons with fuel, water and other materials. Seal linen bags.

4. in extreme situations - act in accordance with the instructions depending on the incident .

5. upon arrival of the train at the point of formation - write down in the repair book at the PTO the malfunctions found along the way; hand over the proceeds received from the conductors, and report on the form in the accounting department; report to the head of the reserve on the results of the flight and, having received instructions for the next flight, instruct the conductors of their brigade.

Pros and cons of the profession

pros

• Constant demand for the profession
• Sufficiently high wages on branded trains and certain directions

Minuses

• Traveling nature of work
• Excessive communication with different types of people
• High level of responsibility for the work of a large team
• Shift work, have to work on weekends and holidays according to the schedule

Place of work

Russian Railways, international railways, metro, transport companies, scientific and teaching work at the MIIT university complex.

Important qualities

• responsibility and organization
• the ability to competently and effectively organize the work of the train crew
• teamwork, communication skills
• fast and accurate response
• Ability to work independently with minimal supervision
• the ability to make accurate, balanced and responsible decisions
• accuracy in paperwork
• ability to analyze and organize information
• ability to find non-standard solutions in time pressure
• good physical health (train chiefs, as well as conductors, undergo a special medical examination in accordance with the procedure established by the Ministry of Railways)
• Knowledge in English on international routes

Training for the head of the train

The head of the train can be a specialist with higher or secondary technical vocational education and 3 years of work experience as a conductor.

Composition

Fate flashes outside the window

The lives of the years lived ...

Vikoruk D. G. .

It is unlikely that in central Russia there will be a person who has never used the services of the railway, whether simple trip to the cottage or a trip to the sea. Every time you find yourself at the station, you feel awe before the trip.

Russian railways have a long history and glorious traditions. On February 1, 1842, Emperor Nicholas I signed the highest Decree on the construction of the first railway in Russia: St. Petersburg - Moscow. 34 stations were built on it and two large stations were erected in Moscow and St. Petersburg according to the designs of the famous architect K. A. Ton. To this day, they delight passengers with the perfection of their forms. On November 1, 1851, the longest double-track railway was opened.

The first Russian highway, which today is part of the Oktyabrskaya railway, began to work. Trains went along it, driven by steam locomotives built at the Alexander Plant in St. Petersburg. The distance from St. Petersburg to Moscow - 650 kilometers - a fast train overcame in 12 hours.

In the middle of the 19th century, in government circles, the question arose of connecting Moscow with the Volga provinces. As a result, the Volga Railway was built, which gradually grew and expanded. So, in the 80s and 90s of the 19th century, several projects for the construction of a railway to Astrakhan appeared. Surveys were carried out, but none of the projects found government support. For about 10 years there were disputes about the choice of direction, which were resolved only at the beginning of the 20th century, when on June 10, 1902, the highest order was issued to build a broad-gauge line from Astrakhan to Krasny Kut station. In 1909, the construction of lines to Astrakhan was completed.

During the Great Patriotic War, the Volga railway workers provided the necessary transportation to supply the front, especially in the Stalingrad region. By decision of the State Defense Committee, in the fall of 1941, the construction of the Akhtuba - Ferry and Astrakhan - Kizlyar lines began with the construction ferry crossings across the Volga at Astrakhan and Stalingrad. The Urbakh-Upper Baskunchak-Astrakhan line acquired decisive importance in supplying the Stalingrad Front with troops, equipment and ammunition. Caravan traffic was used on this section: trains ran day and night with an interval of 10 minutes, traffic safety was ensured by the signalmen of the locomotive brigades, who sat on the front platform of the locomotive and the last brake platform of the train.

After the Second World War, the railway network of the USSR began to recover and then grow. All directions began to be well equipped technically, the number of employees increased, work improved. It is known that in 1989 the total length Russian roads amounted to 1234.9 thousand km.

Now the Volga railway is successfully developing. This is evidenced by the statistics for 2006. The operational length of this railway is 4236.8 km, 41355 people work here. In 2006 alone, 42 million 284 thousand tons of cargo were transported on the Privolzhskaya road, and 10 million 600 thousand people were passengers.

The Volga branch of the RJ has several branches: Astrakhan, Volgograd, Saratov.

Currently, the Astrakhan branch of the Volga Railway is headed by Alexander Evgenievich Syuskin. This department, however, like the entire Russian railway as a whole, has one direction of activity, to which all the forces of both administration and employees are directed: "Timely and complete satisfaction of the needs of the economy and the population in the transportation of goods and passengers."

The Astrakhan railway department is successfully developing. It is known that in the same 2006, the cargo turnover here amounted to more than 10 billion tons. According to the press, in the first 9 months of 2006, 2,276,000 people used long-distance trains here, and 945,000 people used commuter trains. The plan for passenger turnover in all types of traffic was fulfilled by 104.8%.

What will be the future of the Russian railway? Will the need for it disappear soon? I think not in the near future, for sure. Train tickets are much cheaper than air tickets. In addition, rail travel has its own inexpressible charm, its own romance. It seems to me that it will be difficult for people to give up all this, even under the influence of a ruthless economy.

As for the distant future... We read in science fiction books that there will be completely new modes of transport that will be distinguished by incredible speeds and capabilities. It seems to me that rail transport will develop and improve with time, which he has already proved more than once. Therefore, in my opinion, the web of railways will always entangle not only the territory of our Motherland, but the whole world, supplying people with everything they need.

The composition of a student of 6-B class Kotkina Daria

within the road competition

for the best essay on the railway.

2011-2012 academic year.

Waiting for the train.

Once I had to wait a long time for the train - for some reason it was late. It was the end of August, it was necessary to return home after a summer holiday. It was warm outside. I did not want to sit in the waiting room, and I went out to the platform. It wasn't crowded here.

Several students were joking merrily about something, a lone janitor was rustling with a grouchy broom, and two bright and noisy gypsy women were arguing animatedly with an on-duty policeman.

I walked along the platform, looking thoughtfully at the rails. The tracks seem to go nowhere. But the rails, like the passengers, have a final point of their journey, they do not go to infinity.

Flickering behind the windows of the car big cities, small stations, vast expanses of our country. Life does not stand still, and the rails are witnesses of many destinies and journeys. The joy of meeting and tears of parting, the merry hubbub of students, the grumbling of summer residents, the lively voices of railway station sellers - the railway sees and hears everything.

Thinking about this, I suddenly caught myself thinking that without a person there is no life on the railway. After all, railroad workers are the main thing. People of a very difficult and responsible profession. They ensure the safety and comfort of passengers. Kilometers depend on them, maybe the most important meeting in someone's life.

Suddenly my thoughts were interrupted by the piercing horn of a passing train. The train rushed past, leaving behind a warm smell of diesel fuel and fuel oil. He seemed to want to catch up with time itself, the wheels of his wagons were clattering so fast and loudly. The sound of wheels is a sound that beckons, soothes, gives hope. May there always be a green semaphore and a velvet track on the railway.

Railway future.

I really enjoy traveling by train. On summer holidays we go on holiday with the whole family. We often go to the sea. The ride is long, but in modern trains even the most long journey flies by unnoticed.

I really like to look out the car window and dream. Under measured knock of wheels I reflect: and what will be the railway, for example, in 50-100 years.

I would really like to see trains for children in the future. Fast funny train with wagons, with drawings of cartoon characters. The children's train has comfortable compartments: soft, folding shelves with a remote control, adjustable air conditioning. It would be great if every compartment had a home cinema in 3 and 4D format, and the conductor could also be called via radio.

Of course, the trains of the future must be environmentally friendly, so they will be hovercraft and almost silent. Perhaps the railway of the future will be laid under water and pass through glass tunnels, which will allow you to admire the beauty of the sea.

And all the trains of the future will be controlled by a computer system.

The railway plays a very important role in people's lives. Perhaps, when I grow up, I will design the trains of the future, and who knows, suddenly my dream train will rush passengers across the vast expanses of our country.

Each of us has been a passenger many times in our lives. We use various types transport: road, rail, water, air.

This summer I was in Tunisia with my dad. We flew there by plane. The whole journey took about three hours. For some reason, many people are afraid of airplanes, but I really liked flying. There was no TV in the cabin, but it was successfully replaced by a porthole. Cities, seas, mountains floated under us. They looked small, like toys. Our pilot was a real ace, so the flight went perfectly, and we landed softly.

Several times a year I have to be a passenger on the train. My parents and I drive it to the country. In the car, there is usually enough space for everyone, but sometimes I give up my seat to the old ladies. It's so hard for them to stand.

Very often I travel by bus and fixed-route taxis. And I always want to be a good, cultured passenger. I try to inform the driver about stops in advance, not to talk loudly on the phone in transport.

So, being a passenger is great and at the same time it is a huge responsibility.