Jalal-Abad(Kyrgyzstan Jalal-Abad) - the third largest city in Kyrgyzstan, the administrative center. The population is over 113.9 thousand people. Located in the Ferghana Valley. Not far from the city flows the Kugart River, the right tributary of the Kara-Darya River.

Geography

The city is located in the foothills of the Tien Shan Range at the foot of the small Ayub-Too mountains at an altitude of 763 m above sea level in the Kogart valley. Distance to the capital of Kyrgyzstan ~ 560 km. The city is located 100 km southwest. The climate is subtropical, dry, with hot (absolute maximum +43˚С) summers, sunny autumns with rare heavy rains and mild winters with high humidity and an average temperature of about 0˚С. Relative humidity from June to October is low - 30%, in the hot summer months even lower. Precipitation for the year falls about 460 mm. Remoteness from significant water spaces determines the continentality and aridity of the climate. The average annual temperature is +13°C, in July +25 +30°C, in January -3-5°C.

Name

• The earliest known name of the city is Jalalabad.
• From 1870 to 1917 - Jalal-Abad. In the "News of the Turkestan Department of the Russian Geographical Society" for 1900, it is mentioned as the village of Jalal-abad of the Jalal-Abad volost, Andijan district.
• From 1917 to 2002 - Jalal-Abad.
• Since 2002, it has been renamed Jalalabat according to the “New edition of the orthography of the Kyrgyz language” adopted by the Jogorku Kenesh of Kyrgyzstan dated June 28, 2002, No. 830-11.
• Since June 2008, it has been renamed Jalal-Abad in accordance with the resolution of the Jogorku Kenesh of Kyrgyzstan on the restoration of writing the country's settlements with a hyphen.

Since ancient times, one of the routes of the Silk Road passed along Ayub-Too. Thanks to this, the inhabitants of the Fergana Valley, like the Kokand khans who ruled these lands during the creation of Jalal-Abad, were in very active contact with. Perhaps that is why the name of the city is similar to the name of the Afghan one - despite the fact that Jalal-Abad was also called Jalalabad until 1917. Calling different settlements by the same name is a common practice in the Middle East. There are more than 30 villages with the name Jalalabad here. In turn, the Afghan Jalalabad got its name in honor of Jalal Ad-Din Muhammad Akbar (1542-1605), who founded the city in the late 60s of the 16th century. "Abad" is translated from Persian as "a place", "a place where people live". In addition, "dzhalal" from the language of Urdu, Persian and Arabic is translated as "glory, shrine, greatness." That is, the name of the city can mean either "place of glory", or " Holy place', or 'a place named after Celal'.

Story

As part of the Kokand Khanate and the Russian Empire

It originated as a village near healing springs located on the Ayub-too mountain above the Ferghana Valley. At the beginning of the 19th century, a fortress of the Kokand Khanate was built here. Local residents served pilgrims to mineral springs and were engaged in agriculture. With the growth of the population of the village, artisans appeared in it: potters, artisans, handicraft workshops developed, which later gave rise to small processing enterprises.

In 1870, Russian settlers appeared in the city, who came along with the Russian garrison. A military hospital was built. From 1876 Jalal-Abad - part of the Kokand district Russian Empire, since 1877 received the status of a city. The first mention of a settlement with the name Jalalabad in official historical documents dates back to the same time.

In 1902, the Russian officer N. L. Korzhenevsky, with the support of his military command, developed and installed two heliotelegraph stations for two-way communication between Osh and. On Jalal-Abad many military men were treated at mineral springs and therefore a reliable connection with county town Osh was much needed.

In 1915, a section of the Andijan-Karasu-Jalal-Abad railway was opened. The line was private and was built by the Fergana Railway Company. After the 1917 revolution, the railway line was nationalized.

The construction of the railway and the station gave impetus to the development of Jalal-Abad, which had previously been just a large settlement.

Jalalabad-Ayub mineral springs

The encyclopedic dictionary of F. A. Brockhaus and I. A. Efron of 1890 describes the mineral springs of Jalal-Abad as follows:

(Khazret-Ayub) - are very famous in Fergana and in the surrounding countries; are located in the Andijan district of the Fergana region, on Ayub-tau (an associate of the prophet S.A.V.), at an altitude of 3850 feet. above sea level. With the appearance of these very ancient sources, a local legend is connected about the healing of their long-suffering Job with water. Russian D. sources became known since 1877. There are several sources; of these, only one is considered sacred by the natives; this key gives 8640 buckets per day, tamper. 38-39°C; hydrogen sulfide in 1000 hours of water - 0.0033461. 10,000 hours of water contains lime bicarbonate - 2.846, sodium bicarbonate - 0.832, magnesia bicarbonate - 0.975, sodium chloride - 1.955, sodium sulfate - 2.451, magnesium sulfate - 0.903, lime sulfate - 0.935, alumina - 0.28. Since 1884, chronically ill lower ranks have been sent to D. waters; since 1885, a sanitary station has been established, and an infirmary for 25 people is opened during the season. Baths for bathers are arranged in three springs.

From the description of the composition of Jalalabad-Ayub waters.

Narodnaya Volya member Ivan Yuvachev, during his Central Asian expedition in 1907, wrote about Jalal-Abad sources:

On Mount Ayub-tau, where a sanitary station is now built, thanks to healing mineral springs, the long-suffering Job lived. Local tradition says that when the time of Job's trial passed, the Lord ordered him to hit a stone with his right foot, and he filled the key of hot water. Then he kicked with his left foot, and cold water came out. In the hot Job took a bath, and got drunk in the cold and completely recovered from the terrible leprosy.

Another traveler, geographer Vladimir Platonovich Voshchinin, wrote about the sources in 1914:

Namely, near Jalalabad itself rises a small mountain - about 4,000 feet above sea level - which must be climbed, since on the top of this mountain there are hot and cold sulfuric and iron springs known in the region, attracting many natives to enjoy bathing and worship the tomb of the native Prophet Job (Khazret-Ayub). According to legend, this prophet was healed of leprosy precisely by the local waters, and after that he died here.

The air and nature on the top of the mountain are delightful, but from the cliff above, near which Ayub's grave is located, a marvelous view of the valley opens - all golden-green, with countless groups of pyramidal poplars, with a silver ribbon in the middle - Kugart - and the distant Aryslanbob mountains . Even for this alone, it was worth climbing here, but there are still here, as it turns out, other curious things. For example, a sacred stone for women who, for some reason, do not have children. This stone stands with an edge, oblong and flat, on a special large pedestal, surrounded by walls, like the tomb of a prophet; any sick person is allowed, for a certain bribe to the local mullahs, to sit astride it and pray ... A mass of pilgrims flock to this stone, and, they say, helps ...

A military infirmary has been set up near the healing springs, and in general, besides the natives, there are many Russian patients here, and therefore the use of the baths is furnished with some amenities, although far from sufficient. In any case, there is a bathroom, and it is kept quite clean. They say that very soon a railway will be brought to Jalalabad. Then, one must think, due attention will be paid to this native resort, and, perhaps, it will flourish and become famous.

The fight against Basmachi

Arbakeshi at the Jalal-Abad railway station in 1918

In July 1918, the Basmachi gangs made an attempt to capture the capital of the county, the city. However, 70 volunteers of the 1st Ferghana Regiment, who guarded the city, with the support of the population, managed to hold out until the arrival of the military unit from and protect the city. Of particular danger was the connection of the Basmachi bands of Kurbashi Madaminbek and the leader of the kulak-peasant army K. I. Monsterov, who sought to overthrow Soviet power in. On September 8, 1919, after one and a half days of fighting by the gangs of Madaminbek and K. I. Monsters, which significantly outnumbered the Red Army units, they managed to capture the city and launch an offensive on where the headquarters of the Osh-section troops was located. On September 26, 1919, the Red Army under the command of Mikhail Frunze liberated the city, and on September 30 -. On May 27, 1920, Mikhail Vasilyevich Frunze spoke at the railway station in front of railway workers and sent a telegram No.

Transport development

In 1928, a section of the Jalal-Abad-Bagysh railway (length 14 kilometers) was put into operation, in 1932 the railway line was extended to Kok-Yangak (length 15 kilometers), to provide Jalal-Abad and Uzbekistan with coal.

For a long time, the Jalal-Abad station was the final destination for long-distance passenger train routes in the Ferghana Valley. Only suburban trains followed to the Kok-Yangak station, on the Karasu - Osh section) only suburban trains also ran, and since 1978 the movement has stopped completely (despite the fact that the city of Jalal-Abad at that time was one of the regional centers of the Osh region, and the population of the city is several times less than the population of Osh). Among the reasons are the presence in Jalal-Abad of a locomotive maintenance center and workshops for equipping wagons, which has never been in Osh, an easy track profile on the Karasu-Jalal-Abad section, and also, probably, a tribute to tradition - the Jalal-Abad station appeared earlier than Osh station. The city of Jalal-Abad is historically the main "railway gate" of the region.

At different times, direct trains (or trailer cars) departed from Jalal-Abad to Moscow and other cities of the USSR. The Jalal-Abad flight was constantly running, going through.

Education

The Pedagogical College has been operating since 1935. Later, a cooperative technical school of the Kyrgyz Consumer Union and a medical one were created.

10 secondary schools and one vocational school were created and operated in the city.

As part of independent Kyrgyzstan

Since 1991, the city of Jalal-Abad has been given the status of a regional center.

In 1993, the last passenger train long-distance Jalal-Abad - - . Approximately at the same time, the movement of suburban trains from the Jalal-Abad railway station also stopped.

In 1994, the process of division of the former Central Asian Railway was completed, on the basis of which the railway administrations of the new independent states. Jalal-Abad became the center of the Southern Branch of the Kyrgyz Railway. In the 1990s, a decision was made to build the "Trans-Kyrgyz Railway", which was to be laid in the direction - Kochkor - Jalal-Abad (presumably using part of the existing Jalal-Abad - Kok-Yangak line). The project was widely advertised, a solemn ceremony was held to start the construction of the highway with the participation of President Askar Akayev. But in practice, the implementation of the project was limited to laying several hundred meters of track at the station.

In 2000, the movement of commuter trains along the Jalal-Abad - Kara-Suu - route was resumed. Unfortunately, the revival of passenger traffic was short-lived. As of August 2008, the railway line operates only on the Jalal-Abad - Kara-Suu section. Trains to Jalal-Abad and all diesel locomotives of the Jalal-Abad depot pass through the territory without stopping. At the Jalal-Abad station there is a locomotive depot - TC-2 of the Kyrgyz Railway (formerly PTOL TC-4 of the Central Asian Railway). Among the available rolling stock are diesel locomotives 2TE10M-0581 (two sections), 2TE10V-4195 (at least 1 section), ChMEZ-6644. In total, there were about 5 ChMEZ and 6 sections 2TE10. New locomotives after 1991 did not arrive in Jalal-Abad.

The section Jalal-Abad - Kok-Yangak, through which coal was once mainly exported, is now mothballed. The administration of the Kyrgyz Railway does not give permission to dismantle the track, so the rails lie there, but the track is overgrown with trees in places and is unsuitable for travel.

In autumn 2007 the city celebrated its 130th anniversary. The main celebrations with the participation of the country's leadership were held at the Teltoru hippodrome. The city was awarded the Danaker Order.

On June 13-16, 2010, mass riots on interethnic grounds took place in the city and adjacent villages, simultaneously with the 2010 Osh riots.

Local government

The first secretaries of the city committee

• Parfenov Andrey Ivanovich - 05/19/1959
• Mamakeev 05/19/1959 - ?

Mayors of the city

The mayor of the city is elected by the session of the city kenesh. Kasym Madaminovich Ismanov was elected the first mayor of Jalal-Abad in 1991 as part of independent Kyrgyzstan. As of May 2014, the mayor of the city was Salaidin Avazov.

• Kasym Madaminovich Ismanov 1991-?
• Bakyt Adylov circa 2012
• Mukhtar Arapbaev February 2013 - 5 Aug. 2014
• Salaidin Avazov since August 5

Economy

Transport

The main type of local transport is automobile. There is also a railway station and an airport.

Enterprises

The largest industrial enterprises are the Kyrgyz-Canadian oil refinery "Kyrgyz Petroleum Company"; an enterprise for the extraction of travertine, limestone and shell rock; brick factory CJSC "Stone processing plant in Central Asia»; JSC "Kelechek"; JSC "Nur"; JSC "Nasos"; Factory of trade and technological equipment and OP 36/10. The enterprises of JSC "Kyrgyzkhlopok" and JV "Ak-Altyn" produce cotton fiber, tobacco-fermentation enterprises of LLC "Tura-Ay" and LLC "Aziz-Tabak" operate.

Enterprises of the flour-grinding industry of the city: Azrat Aiyb JSC, PTK Intershak CJSC, Mariam and Co LLC. CJSC "Jalal-Abad Arak Plant" operates for the production of alcoholic beverages.

Among the light industry enterprises, the leading one is JSC "Mata", an enterprise with a production capacity for the production of non-woven materials of 7 million square meters. m. In the city there are enterprises engaged in wood processing and furniture manufacturing - these are Emerek JSC and Kok-Art JSC.

Banks and microcredit unions

OJSC Commercial Bank "Kyrgyzstan", JSCB "Dos-Kredobank", OJSC "Bakai Bank", Kyrgyz-Russian "Amanbank".

Trade

In the city of Jalal-Abad, retail trade is carried out in 10 stationary markets and 9 privately owned mini markets, as well as in 120 stores.

Education

There are 22 secondary schools in the city, as well as male and female Turkish lyceums, and a medical school. There are several universities: Jalal-Abad State University, University of Economics and Entrepreneurship, Academy of Law and Business.

Attractions

IN Soviet period The Jalal-Abad resort was considered an all-Union health resort and thousands of tourists from all over the USSR came here every year with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, skin and gynecological diseases. Tourists are still attracted by the mineral springs and therapeutic mud of the resort. From the city to the resort can be reached by bus from the city center. The main therapeutic agents are thermal weakly and highly mineralized sulfate-hydrocarbonate sodium-calcium waters used for baths and drinking cures. For medicinal purposes, the resort also uses peat-silt mud. Along with balneo-mud therapy, electrolight therapy, physiotherapy exercises, massage, climate therapy, a therapeutic swimming pool, therapeutic nutrition, a phytobar, and acupuncture are used. The resort has a sanatorium with 450 beds in summer and 150 beds in winter. Accommodation is provided in three buildings and four small houses for 2-4 persons. Indications for treatment: diseases of the digestive system, musculoskeletal system, nervous system, gynecological, urological, skin diseases.

57 km from the city in the tract of the Kara-Alma mountain range there is a children's health camp "Altyn Balalyk", which was built in 1972.

Also in the city there are:

• Regional library with 6 branches in the city and a fund of 126,000 books and magazines.
• Children's library at the House of Creativity, fund - 25,000 books and magazines.
• City Historical Museum at the foot of Ayub-Tau, on the road to the resort. It was organized in 1972 by Vasily Filippovich Trunov, later an honorary citizen of Jalal-Abad. The area of ​​the museum is 199 sq.m. and consists of 9 rooms. The museum is one of the oldest in the region. Up to 10,000 people visit the museum annually.
• Parks. There are 3 parks of culture and recreation, including parks to them. Toktogul with an area of ​​7.5 hectares, Jenish Park (former VLKSM) with an area of ​​14.5 hectares.

Famous Jalal-Abads

• Rafikov, Mars Zakirovich - Soviet military pilot, member of the first detachment of cosmonauts of the USSR, awarded two orders of the Red Banner of the USSR.
• Trunov, Vasily Filippovich - historian, honored teacher of the Kirghiz SSR, creator of the local museum of local lore, honorary citizen of the city.
• Shapovalov, Igor Alekseevich - ballet dancer, choreographer, People's Artist of the USSR.
• Helpman, Elhanan - Israeli economist, professor.

Notes

1. Population census of Kyrgyzstan 2009. Jalal-Abad region
2. Superanskaya A. V. Dictionary geographical names. - M.: AST-PRESS KNIGA, 2013. - 208 p. - S. 40.
3. 2017-zhyldagy Kyrgyz Republicsynyn oblustarynyn, dorunun district, shaarlarynyn, shaar tibindegi kyshtaktarynyn kalkynyn sany, Population of the Kyrgyz Republic as of January 1, 2017
4. M. Grulev et al. Proceedings of the Turkestan Department of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society, Volume II / M. Grulev. - First ed. - Tashkent: Printing house of the headquarters of the Turkestan military district, 1900. - S. 107-109.
5. http://www.msn.kg/showwin.php?type=newsportal&id=23630
6. RAILWAY LINE KARASU - JALAL-ABAD - KOK-YANGAK. Timetables for the movement of trains.
7. Jalalabad-Ayub mineral springs// Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron: in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - St. Petersburg. , 1890-1907.
8. Kushelevsky V.I. Materials for medical geography and sanitary description of the Fergana region. Volume 1. New Margelan: Printing House of the Fergana Regional Board, 1890. ISBN 978-5-4460-3628-8 ">
9. Yuvachev, Ivan. Kurban-jan-datha, Kara-Kyrgyz queen Alai»>

Links

• On the website of the Association of cities of Kyrgyzstan
• Website of the city of Jalal-Abad

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Closed educational course for children of the elite: "The true arrangement of the world."
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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Population

Geography

The city is located in the foothills of the Tien Shan Range at the foot of the small Ayub-Too Mountains at an altitude of 763 m above sea level in the Kogart Valley. Distance to the capital of Kyrgyzstan Bishkek ~ 255 km. The city of Osh is located 55 km southwest. The climate is subtropical, dry, with hot (absolute maximum +43˚С) summers, sunny autumns with rare heavy rains and mild winters with high humidity and an average temperature of about 0˚С. Relative humidity from June to October is low - 30%, in the hot summer months even lower. Precipitation for the year falls about 460 mm. Remoteness from significant water spaces determines the continentality and aridity of the climate. The average annual temperature is +13°C, in July +25 +30°C, in January -3-5°C.

Name

Since ancient times, one of the routes of the Silk Road passed along Ayub-Too. Thanks to this, the inhabitants of the Fergana Valley, as well as the Kokand khans who ruled these lands during the creation of Jalal-Abad, were very actively in contact with Afghanistan. Perhaps that is why the name of the city is similar to the name of the Afghan Jalalabad - despite the fact that Jalal-Abad was also called Jalalabad until 1917. Calling different settlements by the same name is a common practice in Central Asia and the Middle East. There are more than 30 villages with the name Jalalabad here. In turn, the Afghan Jalalabad got its name in honor of Jalal Ad-Din Muhammad Akbar (1542-1605), who founded the city in the late 60s of the 16th century. "Abad" is translated from Persian as "a place", "a place where people live". In addition, "dzhalal" from the language of Urdu, Persian and Arabic is translated as "glory, shrine, greatness." That is, the name of the city can mean either “a place of glory”, or “a holy place”, or “a place named after Jalal”.

Story

As part of the Kokand Khanate and the Russian Empire

(Khazret-Ayub) - are very famous in Fergana and in the surrounding countries; are located in the Andijan district of the Fergana region, on Ayub-tau (an associate of the prophet S.A.V.), at an altitude of 3850 feet. above sea level. With the appearance of these very ancient sources, a local legend is connected about the healing of their long-suffering Job with water. Russian D. sources became known since 1877. There are several sources; of these, only one is considered sacred by the natives; this key gives 8640 buckets per day, tamper. 38-39°C; hydrogen sulfide in 1000 hours of water - 0.0033461. 10,000 hours of water contains lime bicarbonate - 2.846, sodium bicarbonate - 0.832, magnesia bicarbonate - 0.975, sodium chloride - 1.955, sodium sulfate - 2.451, magnesium sulfate - 0.903, lime sulfate - 0.935, alumina - 0.28. Since 1884, chronically ill lower ranks have been sent to D. waters; since 1885, a sanitary station has been established, and an infirmary for 25 people is opened during the season. Baths for bathers are arranged in three springs. From the description of the composition of Jalalabad-Ayub waters.

On Mount Ayub-tau, where a sanitary station is now built, thanks to healing mineral springs, the long-suffering Job lived. Local tradition says that when the time of Job's trial passed, the Lord ordered him to hit a stone with his right foot, and he filled the key of hot water. Then he kicked with his left foot, and cold water came out. In the hot Job took a bath, and got drunk in the cold and completely recovered from the terrible leprosy.

Another traveler, geographer Vladimir Platonovich Voshchinin, wrote about the sources in 1914:

Namely, near Jalalabad itself rises a small mountain - about 4,000 feet above sea level - which must be climbed, since on the top of this mountain there are hot and cold sulfuric and iron springs known in the region, attracting many natives to enjoy bathing and worship the tomb of the native Prophet Job (Khazret-Ayub). According to legend, this prophet was healed of leprosy precisely by the local waters, and after that he died here.

The air and nature on the top of the mountain are delightful, but from the cliff above, near which Ayub's grave is located, a marvelous view of the valley opens - all golden-green, with countless groups of pyramidal poplars, with a silver ribbon in the middle - Kugart - and the distant Aryslanbob mountains . Even for this alone, it was worth climbing here, but there are also other curious things here, as it turns out. For example, a sacred stone for women who, for some reason, do not have children. This stone stands with an edge, oblong and flat, on a special large pedestal, surrounded by walls, like the tomb of a prophet; any sick person is allowed, for a certain bribe to the local mullahs, to sit astride it and pray ... A mass of pilgrims flock to this stone, and, they say, helps ...

A military infirmary has been set up near the healing springs, and in general, besides the natives, there are many Russian patients here, and therefore the use of the baths is furnished with some amenities, although far from sufficient. In any case, there is a bathroom, and it is kept quite clean. They say that very soon a railway will be brought to Jalalabad. Then, one must think, due attention will be paid to this native resort, and, perhaps, it will flourish and become famous.

Transport development

In 1928, a section of the Jalal-Abad-Bagish railway (length 14 kilometers) was put into operation, in 1932 the railway line was extended to Kok-Yangak (length 15 kilometers), to provide Jalal-Abad and Uzbekistan with coal.

For a long time, the Jalal-Abad station was the final destination for long-distance passenger train routes in the Ferghana Valley. Only suburban trains followed to the Kok-Yangak station, on the Karasu - Osh section) only suburban trains also ran, and since 1978 the movement has stopped completely (despite the fact that the city of Jalal-Abad at that time was one of the regional centers of the Osh region, and the population of the city is several times less than the population of Osh). Among the reasons are the presence in Jalal-Abad of a locomotive maintenance center and workshops for equipping wagons, which has never been in Osh, an easy track profile on the Karasu-Jalal-Abad section, and also, probably, a tribute to tradition - the Jalal-Abad station appeared earlier than Osh station. The city of Jalal-Abad is historically the main "railway gate" of the region.

At different times, direct trains (or trailer cars) departed from Jalal-Abad to Moscow, Kuibyshev and other cities of the USSR. The Jalal-Abad - Frunze flight was constantly running, going through Tashkent.

Education

The Pedagogical College has been operating since 1935. Later, a cooperative technical school of the Kyrgyz Consumer Union and a medical one were created.

10 secondary schools and one vocational school were created and operated in the city.

As part of independent Kyrgyzstan

In 2000, the movement of commuter trains along the Jalal-Abad - Kara-Suu - Osh route was resumed. Unfortunately, the revival of passenger traffic was short-lived. As of August 2008, the railway line operates only on the Jalal-Abad - Kara-Suu section. Trains to Jalal-Abad and all diesel locomotives registered at the Jalal-Abad depot pass through the territory of Uzbekistan without stopping. At the Jalal-Abad station there is a locomotive depot - TC-2 of the Kyrgyz Railway (formerly PTOL TC-4 Andijan of the Central Asian Railway). Among the available rolling stock are diesel locomotives 2TE10M-0581 (two sections), 2TE10V-4195 (at least 1 section), ChMEZ-6644. In total, there were about 5 ChMEZ and 6 sections 2TE10. New locomotives after 1991 did not arrive in Jalal-Abad.

The Jalal-Abad - Kok-Yangak section, which was once mainly exported to coal, is now mothballed. The administration of the Kyrgyz Railway does not give permission to dismantle the track, so the rails lie there, but the track is overgrown with trees in places and is unsuitable for travel.

In autumn 2007 the city celebrated its 130th anniversary. The main celebrations with the participation of the country's leadership were held at the Teltoru hippodrome. The city was awarded the Danaker Order.

On June 13-16, 2010, mass riots on interethnic grounds took place in the city and adjacent villages, simultaneously with the 2010 Osh riots.

Local government

Mayors of the city

The mayor of the city is elected by the session of the city kenesh. Kasym Madaminovich Ismanov was elected the first mayor of Jalal-Abad in 1991 as part of independent Kyrgyzstan. As of May 2014, the mayor of the city was Salaidin Avazov.

Economy

Transport

The main type of local transport is automobile. There is also a railway station and an airport.

Enterprises

The largest industrial enterprises are the Kyrgyz-Canadian oil refinery "Kyrgyz Petroleum Company"; an enterprise for the extraction of travertine, limestone and shell rock; brick factory CJSC Stone Processing Plant in Central Asia; JSC "Kelechek"; JSC "Nur"; JSC "Nasos"; Factory of trade and technological equipment and OP 36/10. The enterprises of JSC "Kyrgyzkhlopok" and JV "Ak-Altyn" produce cotton fiber, tobacco-fermentation enterprises of LLC "Tura-Ay" and LLC "Aziz-Tabak" operate.

Enterprises of the flour-grinding industry of the city: Azrat Aiyb JSC, PTK Intershak CJSC, Mariam and Co LLC. CJSC "Jalal-Abad Arak Plant" operates for the production of alcoholic beverages.

Among the light industry enterprises, the leading one is JSC "Mata", an enterprise with a production capacity for the production of non-woven materials of 7 million square meters. m. In the city there are enterprises engaged in wood processing and furniture manufacturing - these are Emerek JSC and Kok-Art JSC.

Banks and microcredit unions

JSC Commercial Bank "Kyrgyzstan", JSCB "Dos-Kredobank", JSC "Bakai Bank", "Kazkomerts-Kyrgyzstan" bank, Kyrgyz-Russian "Amanbank", "Kyrgyzprombank" JSCB, JSCB "Ysyk-Kol investbank", JSCB "Ecobank" ”, JSC “Energobank”, Kyrgyz Agricultural Financial Corporation; microcredit organizations: financial fund "Bai-Tushum", "Finka-Kyrgyzstan", LLC "MOL-BULAK FINANCE", interregional center for microcrediting the unemployed. There are also about 50 pawnshops.

Trade

In the city of Jalal-Abad, retail trade is carried out in 10 stationary markets and 9 privately owned mini markets, as well as in 120 stores.

Education

The city has 22 secondary schools, several universities: Jalal-Abad State University, University of Economics and Entrepreneurship, Academy of Law and Business. There are men's and women's Turkish colleges and a medical school.

Attractions

In the Soviet period, the Jalal-Abad resort was considered an all-Union health resort, and thousands of tourists from all over the USSR came here every year with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, skin and gynecological diseases. Tourists are still attracted by the mineral springs and therapeutic mud of the resort. From the city to the resort can be reached by bus from the city center. The main therapeutic agents are thermal weakly and highly mineralized sulfate-hydrocarbonate sodium-calcium waters used for baths and drinking cures. For medicinal purposes, the resort also uses peat-silt mud. Along with balneo-mud therapy, electrolight therapy, physiotherapy exercises, massage, climate therapy, a therapeutic swimming pool, therapeutic nutrition, a phytobar, and acupuncture are used. The resort has a sanatorium with 450 beds in summer and 150 beds in winter. Accommodation is provided in three buildings and four small houses for 2-4 persons. Indications for treatment: diseases of the digestive system, musculoskeletal system, nervous system, gynecological, urological, skin diseases.

57 km from the city in the tract of the Kara-Alma mountain range there is a children's health camp "Altyn Balalyk", which was built in 1972.

Also in the city there are:

• Regional library with 6 branches in the city and a fund of 126,000 books and magazines.
• Children's library at the House of Creativity, fund - 25,000 books and magazines.
• City Historical Museum at the foot of Ayub-Tau, on the road to the resort. It was organized in 1972 by Vasily Filippovich Trunov, later an honorary citizen of Jalal-Abad. The area of ​​the museum is 199 sq.m. and consists of 9 rooms. The museum is one of the oldest in the region. Up to 10,000 people visit the museum annually.
• Parks. There are 3 parks of culture and recreation, including parks to them. Toktogul with an area of ​​7.5 hectares, Jenish Park (former VLKSM) with an area of ​​14.5 hectares.

Famous Jalal-Abads

• Rafikov, Mars Zakirovich - Soviet military pilot, member of the first detachment of cosmonauts of the USSR, awarded two orders of the Red Banner of the USSR.
• Trunov, Vasily Filippovich - historian, honored teacher of the Kirghiz SSR, creator of the local museum of local lore, honorary citizen of the city.
• Tursunbai uulu Bakhtiyar is a human rights activist, lawyer, teacher, leader of the Debate Program.
• Shapovalov, Igor Alekseevich - ballet dancer, choreographer, People's Artist of the USSR.
• Helpman, Elhanan - Israeli economist, professor at Tel Aviv University.

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An excerpt characterizing Jalal-Abad

Like everything else “interesting”, my amazing walks to different levels of the Earth gradually became almost permanent, and relatively quickly landed on my “archival” shelf of “ordinary phenomena”. Sometimes I went there alone, upsetting my little friend. But Stella, even if she was a little upset, never showed anything and, if she felt that I preferred to be left alone, she never imposed her presence. This, of course, made me even more guilty towards her, and after my little “personal” adventures, I stayed to take a walk with her, which, by the same token, already doubled the load on my physical body, which was not quite used to it, and I returned home exhausted, like a squeezed, ripe lemon to the last drop ... But gradually, as our "walks" became longer, my "tormented" physical body gradually got used to it, fatigue became less and less, and the time it took to restore my physical strength became much shorter. These amazing walks very quickly overshadowed everything else, and my daily life now seemed surprisingly dull and completely uninteresting ...
Of course, all this time I lived my normal life as a normal child: as usual - I went to school, participated in all the events organized there, went to the cinema with the guys, in general - I tried to look as normal as possible in order to attract to my "unusual » abilities as little unnecessary attention as possible.
I really liked some classes at school, some not so much, but so far all the subjects were still quite easy for me and did not require much effort for homework.
I also loved astronomy very much... which, unfortunately, has not yet been taught here. At home we had all sorts of amazingly illustrated books on astronomy, which my dad also adored, and I could read for hours about distant stars, mysterious nebulae, unfamiliar planets ... miracles, as they say, live ... Probably, then I already "inside" felt that this world is much closer to me than any, even the most beautiful, country on our Earth ... But all my "star" adventures then were still very distant (I didn’t even think about them yet!) and therefore, at this stage, I was completely satisfied with “festivities” on different “floors” of our native planet, with my girlfriend Stella or alone.
My grandmother, to my great satisfaction, fully supported me in this, thus, leaving "for a walk", I did not have to hide, which made my travels even more pleasant. The fact is that in order to “walk” along the same “floors”, my essence had to leave the body, and if someone entered the room at that moment, they would find the most amusing picture there ... I she sat with her eyes open, seemingly in a completely normal state, but did not react to any appeal to me, did not answer questions and looked completely and completely “frozen”. Therefore, grandmother's help at such moments was simply irreplaceable. I remember once in my “walking” state my then friend, neighbor Romas found me ... When I woke up, I saw a face completely stunned with fear and eyes round like two huge blue plates ... shoulders and called by name until I opened my eyes...
– Are you dead or something?!.. Or is it again some new “experiment” of yours? - almost chattering with fright, my friend hissed softly.
Although, for all these years of our communication, it was definitely difficult to surprise him with something, but, apparently, the picture that opened up to him at that moment “surpassed” my most impressive early “experiments” ... It was Romas who told me after how frighteningly my "presence" looked from the outside ...
I did my best to calm him down and somehow explain what was so “terrible” that happened to me here. But no matter how I reassured him, I was almost 100% sure that the impression of what he saw would remain in his brain for a very, very long time...
Therefore, after this ridiculous (for me) "incident", I always tried so that, if possible, no one would take me by surprise, and no one would have to be so shamelessly dumbfounded or frightened ... That's why grandmother's help is so strong I needed it. She always knew when I once again went for a “walk” and made sure that no one at this time, if possible, bothered me. There was another reason why I didn’t really like it when I was forcibly “pulled out” of my “campaigns” back - in my entire physical body at the moment of such a “quick return” there was a feeling of a very strong internal blow and this was perceived very, very painful. Therefore, such a sudden return of the essence back to the physical body was very unpleasant for me and completely undesirable.
So, once again walking with Stella on the “floors”, and not finding something to do, “without exposing ourselves to great danger”, we finally decided to “deeper” and “more seriously” explore, which has become almost familiar to her , Mental "floor"...
Her own colorful world once again disappeared, and we, as it were, “hung” in the sparkling air, powdered with starry reflections, which, unlike the usual “earthly” one, was here richly “dense” and constantly changing, as if it were filled with millions of stars. tiny snowflakes that sparkled and sparkled on a frosty sunny day on Earth ... We stepped together into this silver-blue shimmering "emptiness", and immediately, as usual, a "path" appeared under our feet ... Or rather, not just a path, but a very bright and cheerful, ever-changing path, which was created from shimmering fluffy silvery "clouds" ... It appeared and disappeared by itself, as if inviting you to walk along it in a friendly way. I stepped onto the sparkling “cloud” and took a few cautious steps... I didn’t feel any movement, not the slightest effort for him, only a feeling of very light gliding in some calm, enveloping, silver-shining void... The traces immediately melted away , crumbling into thousands of multi-colored sparkling dust particles ... and new ones appeared as I stepped on this amazing and completely fascinated "local land" ....
Suddenly, in all this deep silence shimmering with silvery sparks, a strange transparent boat appeared, and in it stood a very beautiful young woman. Her long golden hair fluttered softly, as if touched by a breeze, then froze again, mysteriously sparkling with heavy golden highlights. The woman was clearly heading straight towards us, still gliding easily in her fabulous boat along some “waves” invisible to us, leaving behind her long, fluttering tails flashing with silver sparks ... Her white light dress, similar to a shimmering tunic, also - it fluttered, then smoothly fell, falling in soft folds down, and making the stranger look like a wondrous Greek goddess.
“She swims here all the time, looking for someone,” Stella whispered.
- Do you know her? Who is she looking for? - I did not understand.
I don't know, but I've seen her many times.
Well, let's ask, shall we? - already accustomed to the "floors", I bravely suggested.
The woman "sailed" closer, from her emanated sadness, grandeur and warmth.
“I am Atenais,” she said in her mind, very softly. - Who are you, wondrous creatures?
The "wonderful creatures" were a little confused, not exactly knowing what to answer to such a greeting...
“We are just walking,” Stella said smiling. We won't interfere with you.
- Who are you looking for? Atenais asked.
“No one,” the little girl was surprised. Why do you think we should be looking for someone?
- How else? You are now where everyone is looking for themselves. I was looking too…” she smiled sadly. But that was so long ago!
– How long ago? - I could not stand it.
– Oh, a very long time!... There is no time here, how can I know? All I remember is a long time ago.
Atenais was very beautiful and somehow unusually sad... She was somewhat reminiscent of a proud white swan, when he, falling from a height, giving his soul, sang his last song - she was just as majestic and tragic...

Photo from the Internet. View of Jalal-Abad from Job Mountain

The Great Silk Road passed through Jalal-Abad, which hospitably received travelers for many centuries. This is evidenced by archaeological excavations carried out in the Chatkal valley. And Jalal-Abad is famous for its resorts and mineral springs.

How to get there

Photo from the Internet. Railroad tracks entangle the whole city

In 1915, a section of the Andijan-Karasu-Jalal-Abad railway was opened. The line was private and was built by the Fergana Railway Company. After the revolution, it was nationalized. In 1993, the last long-distance passenger train Jalal-Abad - Tashkent - Bishkek was canceled. Approximately at the same time, the movement of commuter trains from the Jalal-Abad station also stopped.

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, they wanted to build a trans-Kyrgyz railway line in the direction of Balykchy - Kochkor - Jalal-Abad (presumably using part of the existing Jalal-Abad - Kok-Yangak line). In practice, the implementation of the project was limited to laying several hundred meters of track near the station in Balykchy.

In 2000, the movement of suburban trains along the Jalal-Abad-Karasu-Osh route was resumed. Unfortunately, the revival of passenger traffic was short-lived.

Now you can get to Jalal-Abad only by car. To avoid a grueling serpentine ride, you can fly from Bishkek to Osh, and from there go to Jalal-Abad.

What to see

Photo from the Internet. Tourist places Jalal-Abad

Through the whole Jalal-Abad pass railways , somewhere they are overgrown with grass and trees. The city became the final destination of the first railway in Kyrgyzstan.

In Jalal-Abad there is a source of Chashma-Ayub (source of Job). Many of the sources are known from the 2nd century BC. and are considered sacred. Five kilometers from the city is the eponymous resort complex.

By the 1920-1930s, Jalal-Abad was supposed to become the "Turkestan Pyatigorsk", since a study of mineral waters showed that on Mount Ayub-Too, in terms of their performance, they are not inferior to their counterparts from the Caucasus.

In Jalal-Abad there is regional library, the fund of which is 126 thousand copies. City Museum founded in 1972. It consists of nine halls and is one of the oldest in the region.

station Square- one of the city's places rich in historical events. Around the square, which received its final shape in 1986, there were points for the collection and storage of cotton, a slaughterhouse, dozens of workshops for artisans and shops of small traders. It was from here that Mikhail Frunze sent an urgent telegram to Vladimir Lenin about the fight against the Basmachi in the Ferghana Valley and the unfinished White Guards in 1920.

Photo from the Internet. Station square in Jalal-Abad, 1918

From here, in 1941, they were escorted to the front, in 1943 - Komsomol members to restore Stalingrad, in the spring of 1954 - to develop virgin and fallow lands, in 1955 - to build the Karazhalsky metallurgical plant in Kazakhstan.

In 1936, a railway club was built with a restaurant and a dance floor. In 1973, a new station building was erected. It was the third station building.

Photo from the Internet. Train station, view from the tracks

In seven countries of the world there are cities with a similar name. There are 19 settlements in Jalalabad in Iran, four in India, and one in Bangladesh. In Azerbaijan there is the city of Jalilabad, in Afghanistan - Jalalabad. Pakistan has a village called Jalalabad and four settlements Jalalabad.

The Kokand khans, who ruled these lands during the formation of the city, were in active contact with Afghanistan. Perhaps that is why the name of the city is similar to the name of the Afghan one: until 1917 it was called Jalalabad. The Afghan city got its name in honor of Jalal Ad-Din Muhammad Akbar, who founded it in the late 60s of the 16th century.

The most famous recreation area - Arstanbap. It is located 70 kilometers from Jalal-Abad at the foot of the Weber peak on the Babash-Ata ridge. Here you can see the small big waterfalls 35 and 80 meters high. There are several lakes in the recreation area where fishing is common.

Photo from the Internet. Waterfall in Arslanbob nature reserve

According to legend, the first walnut tree was planted by Arstan-Bap. He was an intimate servant of the prophet Mohammed, which made him a holy man. In the center of the village there is a mausoleum containing the remains of Arstanbap-Ata. A six-hour walk from the village is the Namaz Tash rock - a prayer stone, where, according to legend, he was killed during prayer.

What to bring

The area of ​​forests in the Arstanbap valley reaches more than 600 thousand hectares. Locals are sure that the walnut came to Greece from these places. According to another legend, Alexander the Great, returning from a campaign to the East, took with him fruits and nuts from local forests.

However, scientists have determined that the historical homeland of the walnut is Malaysia. Perhaps it was brought to Kyrgyzstan during the heyday of the Great Silk Road. Giant trees grow in the valley, the age of which reaches a thousand years.

Photo from the Internet. Walnuts

Kyrgyzstan annually exports to Iran, Turkey, China, South Korea, France and Holland to 4-5 thousand tons of walnuts. In Jalal-Abad, a local delicacy is produced - the so-called nut jam, made from unripe nuts and honey.

Due to the rich chemical composition, nut jam can be used for medicinal purposes. It improves the functioning of the cardiovascular system and blood circulation in the body, removes radionuclides, is actively used in the treatment of thyroid diseases, is recommended in dietary nutrition for hypo- and beriberi, with a deficiency of iron and cobalt salts, as a general tonic for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.

Photo from the Internet. Nut jam

A half-liter jar of jam can be bought for 200 soms.

Undoubtedly, it is worth bringing a medical canteen from Jalal-Abad mineral water. IN Soviet years it was supplied to the first persons of the Kremlin.