The history of the Moscow River Shipping Company began in 1858, when Guards Captain G.N. Lvov, on the first voyage of the steamships "Moskva" and "Nikolai", opened navigation on the Moscow River. By order of May 29, 1857, No. 105 for the department of communications and public buildings, he was allowed to establish a shipping company within the boundaries of the city of Moscow along the Moscow River to its mouth, along the Oka River from Orel to Nizhny Novgorod and along the Volga River from Tver to Simbirsk.

The development of navigation on the Moscow River was facilitated by the construction in 1874-1877 of six dams with locks (Perervinskaya, Besedinskaya (now named after Trudkommuny), Andreevskaya, Sof'inskaya, Faustovskaya and Severskaya), which ensured the passage of vessels with a draft of up to 90 cm from the mouth of the river to the city of Moscow .

Progressive steam traction gradually replaced the piloting of ships by barge haulers and horses. The construction of steamships for the Moscow-Oka basin was mainly carried out in Vyksa, Kolomna, Murom, Rybinsk, Gorokhovets. In 1900, there were 106 steam ships here, 96 of which were built at domestic factories.

In 1903, the first motor ship in the world appeared in Russia - 3 marine diesel engines, each with a capacity of 120 hp, were installed on the oil-loading river barge "Vandal". with., which set the propellers in motion with the help of an electrical transmission, which consisted of three generators and electric motors. In a relatively short time, the Russian industry successfully mastered the production of motor ships, and by 1914 there were already about two hundred of them on the Volga, and the number of large motor ships was 48 (passenger and cargo-passenger - 16, cargo - 12, tugboats - 20). Compared to steamships, motor ships had the following advantages: higher efficiency, lower fuel consumption (and, consequently, greater carrying capacity and greater power reserve), and higher engine reliability. The rivers of the basin transported mainly timber and firewood - 42%, building materials - 21%, oil and oil products - 13%, grain cargoes - about 5%. By the beginning of navigation in 1918, 165 self-propelled and 814 non-self-propelled ships were nationalized in the Moscow-Oka basin, which were transferred to the Main Directorate of Water Transport of the People's Commissariat for Communications. It was not until the late 1920s that the rise river transport destroyed by the civil war. In 1931, the Moscow-Oka River Shipping Administration (MOURP) was organized. After the construction of the Moscow-Volga canal (1932-1937), the role of water transport in the Moscow region increased significantly. New ship-repair yards and ports, repair bases and winter lay-up points for the fleet were put into operation, a large number of new vessels specially designed to navigate the newly constructed canal and rivers of the region. To operate this fleet, the Moscow-Volga Canal Shipping Company (MVK) was created.

During the Great Patriotic War, the main task of the Moscow rivermen was the evacuation of the population and equipment of industrial enterprises to the rear, the delivery of food and ammunition for the front. They played a special role in providing the capital with firewood. Shipbuilding enterprises belonging to the shipping company switched to the production of military products (shells, cartridges, snowmobiles, etc.). Wooden-hulled ships became part of the Volga military flotilla and were used as minesweepers in the defense of Stalingrad. Moscow rivermen fought in the ranks of the Soviet Army and Navy. Their glorious deeds and exploits were marked with orders and medals of the USSR, nineteen were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, three became full holders of the Order of Glory.

The post-war restoration of the national economy gave impetus to the development of river transport. Equipment for the restored and new enterprises, construction materials and fuel were brought to Moscow by waterways. Ports, hydraulic structures, factories were reconstructed, ships and housing for rivermen were built. In 1954, MOURP and the shipping company "Moscow-Volga Canal" were merged into the Moscow River Shipping Company.

Progressive labor methods have become widespread: driving non-self-propelled ships by pushing (for which new pusher tugs and a specialized non-self-propelled fleet were built), the team method of working ships, combining professions on ships, extracting building sand from river beds using dredgers with loading it into specialized court. The development of transport passenger lines, new ships were built for suburban passenger traffic and for recreation of the population. New types of "river-sea" fleet appeared, which made it possible to transport goods without transshipment by through flights from the Volga to the sea and back. In 1976, for a great contribution to the development of river transport, the Moscow River Shipping Company was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor. At that time, the shipping company was a powerful transport association, which included 13 ports, a passenger department and 6 industrial enterprises. The volume of cargo transportation reached 66 million tons, passengers - 10 million people. The shipping company entered the international tourism market and began independently organizing river cruises for tourists from Germany, the USA, Poland and other countries. In 1994, as part of the ongoing Russian Federation large-scale privatization of state property, the Moscow River Shipping Company was transformed into an open joint-stock company with a controlling stake in federal ownership. The crisis of the country's economy in these years was reflected in the activities of the shipping company. High inflation rates, non-payments, shortage of working capital caused failures in the supply of ships with fuel and materials, long delays in the payment of wages. But since 1996, thanks to the intensification of construction activities in Moscow, the construction of the Moscow Ring Road and the creation of the largest district of the capital in Maryino, the volume of transport of sand and crushed stone by river transport has grown at a high pace. And a significant share of these cargoes was delivered by the ships of the Moscow River Shipping Company. Development economic activity made it possible to stabilize the financial condition of the shipping company, create the necessary reserves for the repair and modernization of ships and port equipment, and eliminate wage arrears to personnel. By the beginning of the 21st century, the shipping company was firmly on its feet, fulfilling contractual obligations and providing for the needs of enterprises in Moscow and neighboring regions in cargo transportation, providing services to passengers on local and tourist lines.

Today, the Moscow River Shipping Company is a large transport company in the Moscow basin, which has modern passenger liners, pleasure and banquet ships, a powerful cargo fleet.

"Story"

Before the October Revolution

On January 26, 1857, the captain and resident of the city of Kasimov, Gennady Nikolaevich Lvov, guards, filed a petition to organize a shipping company on the Moscow, Oka and Volga rivers. The petition was granted on May 29 of the same year by order "by the Department of Communications and Public Buildings No. 105." Officially, the history of the Moscow River Shipping Company dates back to 1858, when the first regular flights began. On April 29, the steamer Moskva and on May 4 the steamer Nikolai set off with cargo and passengers from Moscow to Nizhny Novgorod and Kolomna.

"News"

Stalin's yacht will be left in Moscow

FSBI "Canal named after Moscow" will buy for 20 million rubles. the Moscow River Shipping Company (MRP) owns the Maxim Gorky motor ship, built in 1934 and known as Stalin's yacht. The vessel is planned to be restored, moored in Moscow's Gorky Park and turned into a museum dedicated to the history of the canal. The Federal State Budgetary Institution intends to find an external investor who will invest another 50 million rubles in modernization, but it is not clear whether the funds will be returned. So, in the MCI, the idea of ​​a “museum ship” was considered good, but only as an “educational project”

"Stalin's yacht" can be sold to Azerbaijan for 20 million rubles

The Moscow River Shipping Company (MRP) intends to sell the Maxim Gorky motor ship, built in 1934, known as Stalin's yacht. Its operation has become unprofitable due to the high cost.

Negotiations on the sale of the vessel are underway with the Azerbaijan Caspian Shipping Company, which can create a museum of the navy on it, Konstantin Anisimov, general director of the MCI, told Kommersant.

The administration of Nizhny Novgorod also claims for the ship. For the city, according to Anisimov, "Maxim Gorky" is a "significant ship", since it was built at local shipyards, and 2018 marks the 150th anniversary of the writer's birth.

The history of the Moscow River Shipping Company dates back to May 29, 1857, when by order “by the Department of Communications and Public Buildings No. 105 of the Guards, Captain Lvov, according to his request, was allowed to establish a towing and passenger shipping company along the river. Moscow from Moscow to the confluence of this river with the Oka, along the Oka from Orel to Nizhny Novgorod and along the Volga from Tver to Simbirsk. Thus, navigation was organized along the Moscow and Oka rivers, indicating the boundaries of the shipping company from the city of Moscow along the Moscow River to its mouth, along the Oka River from the city of Orel to Nizhny Novgorod and along the Volga River from the city of Tver to the city of Simbirsk. The opening of the shipping company in Moscow was reported in the newspapers of that time: in the Vedomosti of the Moscow City Police for 1858 in No. 88, in Izvestia of May 3, 1858. It was this date that began to be considered the date of foundation of the Moscow River Shipping Company.

From that moment, the systematic development of transportation on these sections of the rivers began, new types of cargo and passenger transport began to be built, the intensive introduction of steam traction began, and the gradual abandonment of piloting ships by barge haulers and horses.

At the end XIX early In the 20th century, the construction of wharfs began (before that, unloading and loading was carried out on unequipped shores) in Moscow and large transshipment points (Orel, Ryazan, Kasimov, Murom, N-Novgorod, etc.), where mechanical lifting mechanisms have already begun to be used along with manual labor .

At the same time, the infrastructure of waterways and shipping began to develop, new routes for the delivery of goods and passengers, new steamships appeared, new piers were built, the railway service developed, hydraulic structures were modernized, new shipbuilding and ship repair enterprises and winter settling points were built.

All this served as the basis for strengthening the role of water transport in the life and development of Moscow and the surrounding regions. After the October Revolution of 1917, the fleet of private shipowners was nationalized on the basis of the “Decree on the Nationalization of the Fleet” signed by V.I. Lenin, it was necessary to assemble a disparate fleet into a single transport economy, organize centralized management of water management enterprises, carry out repairs and prepare the fleet for navigation. By the beginning of navigation in 1918, 165 self-propelled and 814 non-self-propelled vessels were nationalized in the Moscow-Oka basin. Subsequently, in connection with civil war during the initial formation of Soviet power, most of the fleet fell into disrepair and was laid up or decommissioned, the repair base was also destroyed, there were not enough professional workers to repair and operate the fleet.

Starting from the end of the 20s of the XX century, the rise of the water transport economy of the Moscow-Oka basin began, new shipbuilding enterprises were built, a new fleet began to be built and the old one was repaired.

In the 30s of the XX century, in the wake of the rapid growth of industrial production and the construction of the Canal. Moscow, the role of water transport in the Moscow region has grown significantly, a large number of new fleets were built specially designed for movement along the newly built canal and rivers of the region, new factories, repair bases and winter camps for the fleet were built. In connection with the construction of new ports and marinas, the volume of cargo and passenger transportation was significantly increased. The quality and efficiency of ship handling has improved due to the introduction of new transshipment equipment. New professional staff of coastal and swimming professions appeared due to the opening of specialized educational institutions.

During the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. the fleet of the shipping company was used to evacuate the population of Moscow and transport equipment of evacuated industrial enterprises to the rear, fuel and food were delivered back to Moscow by water. Shipbuilding enterprises belonging to the shipping company switched to the production of military products (shells, cartridges, etc.)

The post-war restoration of the fleet, enterprises and infrastructure of waterways gave a new impetus to the development of the Moscow region, to Moscow along waterways new equipment was imported for the restored and new enterprises, construction materials and fuel. Ports and hydraulic structures were actively modernized, new labor methods were introduced, and new ships were built. The ships of the shipping company mastered new lines for the transportation of goods, new methods of extracting building sand from river beds with the help of dredgers with loading it into specialized ships appeared. New methods for towing non-self-propelled vessels became widespread - the pushing method, for which new pusher tugs and a specialized non-self-propelled fleet were built. Passenger transport lines were also developed, new ships were built for suburban passenger traffic and for recreation of the population. New types of river-sea navigation fleet appeared, which made it possible to transport export cargoes without transshipment.

River tram "Friendship"

Water public transport (river trams) - one of the types of urban transport in Moscow, which is more excursion and recreational than public passenger transport. It is a set of route traffic along the Moscow River in three independent sections, traffic along the Canal. Moscow (by the 90s, having only a recreational role) and water crossings across the Moscow River (the latter, one after the other, have been closed since the beginning of the 2000s). Currently, the mayor of Moscow, Luzhkov, has repeatedly expressed the idea of ​​developing water transport in order to unload other types of public transport.

River trams appeared in Moscow in 1923. Initially, they were in charge of the Moscow-Oka river transport department, and in 1933 a specialized Moscow suburban shipping company was organized. The shipping company's fleet consisted of 70 small boats manufactured by the Gorodets shipyard, carrying 40 - 100 passengers. Routes were popular in pre-war Moscow A stone bridge- Zaozerye and Dorogomilovsky bridge - AMO plant.

Commuter lines operated from the 1960s, served by high-speed hydrofoils; for example, lines along the Moscow Canal to the Bay of Joy and the Pestovsky reservoir were popular.

Gradually water transport in Moscow, it ceased to fulfill the role of a public one and moved into an excursion and walking niche. The operator of Moscow regular river trams is the Capital Shipping Company.

After the Great Patriotic War, river trams of the Moskvich type (which were built right there in Moscow) became widespread in Moscow. Then they were replaced by more modern vessels of the "Moskva" type.

High-speed vessels "Rocket" worked on suburban lines.

Routes

Moscow river

The only route regularly operating throughout the navigation: Kyiv railway station - Novospassky bridge (operates daily, traffic interval is approx. 50):

• Kyiv railway station
• Sparrow Hills(800 m from Vorobyovy Gory metro station)
• Frunzenskaya embankment, in 2009 motor ships do not stop at this berth
• Park of Culture
• Crimean bridge(400 m from Park Kultury metro station)
• Variety Theater (Bolshoy Kamenny Bridge) (on Bersenevskaya Embankment, at present regular motor ships do not stop at this pier)
• Bolshoi Ustyinsky Bridge (on Moskvoretskaya Embankment)
• Novospassky Bridge (750 m from Proletarskaya metro station)

In 2009, the ticket price for the route "Kiev Station - Novospassky Bridge" is 400 rubles for adults and 150 for children. Benefits are not given to anyone.

Weekend itinerary (3 - 4 trips a day) Park Kultury - Pechatniki with a stop at the South River Station.

Route Kolomenskoye - Brateevo - Maryino. It is actively used to deliver residents of the same-name districts to the recreation area and the historical complex Kolomenskoye.