KASPI KASPI

KASPI, a city (since 1959) in Georgia, in the Lower Kartaliniya region, on the Kura River. Railroad station. Population 15 thousand people (2004). Plant "Kaspielektroapparat"; food-flavoring (including canning) industry, production of building materials. Museum of Local Lore.

encyclopedic Dictionary. 2009 .

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City of Kaspi კასპი Flag Coat of Arms ... Wikipedia

City (until 1959 a village), center of the Kaspi region of the Georgian SSR. Located on the left bank of the Kura at the confluence of the river. Lehura. Railway station on the Tbilisi Samtredia line, 48 km NW from Tbilisi. 12 thousand inhabitants (1970). Industry… … Great Soviet Encyclopedia

S. Tiflis province, Gori district, near the river. Kure. In ancient times it was a city founded at the beginning of the appearance of Georgians in history. OK. 440 AD Ossetians ravaged the city, but it was soon restored and finally destroyed in the 7th century. Murvan Abul... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Ephron

kaspi- zat. horse. Mangystaudy mekendegen halyktardyn biri. Munda saktardan bugingi kop ultty advice khalyktaryna deyin k a s p i l e r men alandar, ogyzdar men qypshaktar, qalmaktar men nogailar turgan (Madeniet zhane turmys, 19 73, No. 3, 10) ... Kazak tilinin tүsіndіrme сөздігі

In Dagestan, republican subordination, 14 km to southeast from Makhachkala, its industrial satellite. Located on the shores of the Caspian Sea, on the Primorskaya Lowland, near the foothills of the Greater Caucasus. Nearest railway station... ... Cities of Russia

The name of the city of Lagan in Kalmykia in 1944 91 ... Cities of Russia

Caspian- Caspian/sk/y… Morphemic-spelling dictionary

Caspian, Caspian, Caspian, Caspian, Caspian, Caspian, Caspian, Caspian, Caspian, Caspian, Caspian, Caspian, Caspian, Caspian, Caspian, Caspian, Caspian, Caspian, Caspian, Caspian,... ... Forms of words

Caspian, Caspians, Caspian, Caspian, Caspian, Caspian, Caspian, Caspian, Caspian, Caspian, Caspian, Caspian (Source: “Full accentuated paradigm according to A. A. Zaliznyak”) ... Forms of words

- (until 1947 the village of Dvigatstroy), a city in Russia, Dagestan, on the shores of the Caspian Sea, 14 km from the Makhachkala railway station. 68.4 thousand inhabitants (1998). Factories: “Dagdiesel”, precision mechanics, stone processing. Museum of Local Lore. * * *… … encyclopedic Dictionary

Books

• Everyday Life in the United States in the Era of Prosperity and Prohibition, by Andre Caspi. The era of 1919-1929 in the United States, called the period of prosperity, is one of the most controversial in the history of this country. "The final victory over poverty" and the nation as a "consumer society",...

Kaspi is a small and cozy town in Georgia. Its population is only 15 thousand inhabitants.

Kaspi is an authentic and hospitable place for tourists. Small Georgian houses seem to have stepped out of the pages of an ancient oriental fairy tale, and the locals honor the tourist no less than their ruler.

Natural beauty

The most ancient part This town is located on a hill, so it offers stunning beauty. Here you can also find the most famous sights of Kaspi. The entire city is on hills.

How to get to Kaspi

You can get to Kaspi either by private car or by minibus. The easiest way to get to Kaspi is along the Zahesi-Mtskheta-Kavtiskhevi-Gori highway. If the tourist prefers minibuses, then they go to the city directly from the Didube metro station.

An alternative option is the train. She departs from Central Station Tbilisi. After 50-60 minutes the tourist will already be in Kaspi.

What to see in Kaspi

In this town you can find many architectural monuments. Each of them is unique and inimitable, therefore worthy of special attention. For foreign tourists It is best to visit the famous Museum of Local Lore. In it you can see a rare archaeological collection that will not leave indifferent anyone who appreciates the art and culture of antiquity.

The Caspian necropolis is a real find for tourists. Huge complex The burial grounds look majestic and mysterious reminders of human life centuries ago. No less interesting are the caves that are located here. They're like scenery from movies about Ancient Egypt. The caves alone are enough to come to Kaspi. Centuries-old temples and monasteries will also find their admirers, so you definitely won’t get bored in this hospitable Georgian town.

Narrow streets and fragrant National cuisine, local flavor and hospitable residents, incredibly beautiful mountains and ancient architectural monuments... The advantages of Kaspi can be listed for a very long time, but one thing is for sure: this city will leave unforgettable experience in the memory of every tourist.

The city of Kaspi is a small settlement that became a city only in 1959. However, it is a rather ancient place on the territory of Georgia. Historical sources mention Kaspi as early as 327. The modern city does not have particularly noteworthy places, although it has its own railway station, as well as a cement plant. Look at the sights.

In the city surroundings there are many ancient historical monuments. And the most famous are Ertatsminda and Kvatakhevsky monastery. Kaspi became administrative center municipality of Kaspi, which is located in the center of Georgia. In the southern part of the region there are deserted wild gorges, the Kura River flows through the center of the region, and there is also a valley here. Very beautiful .

Story

The first settlements on the territory of the Caspian Sea appeared here in the Bronze Age. Archaeologists suggest that Kaspi was small town in the 6th-5th centuries. King Mirian visited the horn of Thoti in 327. According to legend, at this time the surrounding area was surrounded by darkness, then the king turned to the god of Nina with prayers, and the darkness receded. This is an epoch-making event for Georgia, because the king was baptized in the river, turning Christianity into the state religion. Rate it.

The first churches began to appear in the fourth century, by the way, they still exist, for example, the Church of the Ascension, the Blessed Virgin Mary and Teodore Tironi. In the city surroundings, churches such as the Church of Angels and the Matskhovari Church appeared. In the north-west of the city, the monastery of Thaddeus of Stepandzminda was founded in the 6th century; it also has the name Tetrakhevi.

Modern Kaspi

The city of Kaspi conventionally consists of three parts. In the city center there is a square connecting Stalin, Chavchavadze and David Agmashenebeli streets. In this central part of the city there is Train Station, city hall, local history museum and park named after Saakadze. On David Agmashenebeli Street there is the Vakhtang Gorgasali Church and the bus station. In the south there are mainly industrial areas.

The Museum of Local Lore presents an archaeological collection that was collected during excavations in Metekhi, Rene and Kaspi. Therefore, you can see artifacts from the Bronze and Iron Ages here. The Theodore Tironi Church is located on Kostava Street, this building is the oldest building in Kaspi.

Kaspi (Georgian: კასპი)- a small regional center of Shida Kartli 48 km from Tbilisi. The city is located on the left bank of the Kura at the confluence of the Lekhura River. Railway station on the Tbilisi - Samtredia line.
The minibus departs from the Didube metro station. Cost 2 lari.
Population is about 15,000 people.

I think it’s worth warning from the very beginning that Kaspi is not the city that crowds of tourists flock to. There are no attractions of the level of Svetitskhoveli in Mtskheta, etc. Kaspi is a city with an interesting past, but this past must be seen. There are several historical monuments and a local history museum (essentially archaeological).
But there are quite a lot of “historical brands” in the Kaspi region.

In 327, King Mirian stayed in the surrounding area, on Mount Thoti. Then, according to legend, “darkness descended.” After which the king prayed to the “God of Nina” (meaning Saint Nino), and the darkness passed away. This moment became epoch-making for Georgia. After this incident, the king was baptized and established Christianity as the state religion.
So, in Kaspi some time later, in the period from the 4th to the 7th centuries. the first churches appeared that still exist today (Theodore Tironi, the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Ascension). Churches appeared in the vicinity: Matskhovari (now it is located within the boundaries of modern Kaspi), the Church of Angels southwest of the city. North-west Thaddeus of Stepandzminda in the 6th century. founds a monastery known as Tetrakhevi.

Until the 8th century, Kaspi developed. It was a rich city because it was on a trade route. Most likely, it was surrounded by a fortress wall, so necessary in those days. And in 730, the Arabs marched here under the leadership of Mervan Kru (Deaf). Many cities ceased to exist, including Kaspi. After this event, Kaspi remained a small village until the middle of the 20th century.

Since it passed near Kaspi Railway, factories began to be built here. This is how a slate factory, a cement factory, and an electrical apparatus factory appeared. And in 1959, Kaspi received city status.

Kaspi today. Kaspi can be roughly divided into three parts. The center of Soviet Kaspi is the square where Chavchavadze, Stalin and David Agmashenebeli (Builder) streets connect. In the center there is a railway station, a local history museum, the mayor's office, and a park named after. Saakadze. The bus station and Vakhtang Gorgasali Church are located on the street. David Agmashenebeli, near the center. The southern part of the city is mainly industrial areas.

Museum of Local Lore. Opening hours: 09.30 - 17.30. Closed: Sunday, Monday. .

The archaeological collection is based on materials from excavations carried out in Kaspi, Rene, Metekhi. Artifacts dating back to the Middle and Late Bronze Age, Early Iron Age (3rd - 1st millennium BC) are exhibited here; there are also exhibits related to antiquity and the Middle Ages. There are materials associated with the Trialeti culture (mainly the first half of the 2nd millennium BC) - ceramics found in mounds, clothing samples (XIV-XII centuries BC), harnesses, axes, tips ( XIII-VII centuries BC). Antiquity: silver disk found in the village of Sasireti (III century BC), bronze figurine of Dionysus (god of wine) (III-II BC), oichonia (ceramic vessels) (1st century AD .). The Middle Ages is represented by various ceramic dishes.

St. David Agmashenebeli comes from the north, along the Lekhura River, and divides the city into two parts: uninteresting eastern part- and Western, including " Old city", where most of the historical monuments are concentrated. In the eastern part of the city there is only one inconspicuous Matskhovari church (V or VI century). Thoroughly renovated.

St. Kostava starts from Saakadze Square. It takes you to the old town. Here is the Church of Theodore Tironi (Georgian: თეოდორე ტირონის ეკლესია). Above walk 250 m from the police building. This church is one of the most ancient buildings in Kaspi. But the painting is modern. Near the temple there are remains of a fortress wall. It is not entirely clear whether it only enclosed the church or was part of the city wall. It seemed that the wall had been renewed, perhaps more than once.

Church of Theodore Tironi

St. 26 of May. In the area of ​​the police building, st. Kostava intersects with the street. 26 of May. If you walk along this street for about 500 meters and turn left into an alley, you will find yourself in a rather nice new church of St. George. It is located on the outskirts of the "old town" and has some good views.

St. Tsereteli. From the Tironi Temple, after walking another 200 meters, you can turn onto an inconspicuous street. Tsereteli. On this street the following follow each other:

Church of the Ascension (Georgian ამაღლება - amagleba).

Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary (Georgian: ღვთისმშობლის საყდარი - gvtismshoblis sakdari).

Kviratskhoveli (Georgian: კვირაცხოვლის ეკლესია - kviratskhovlis eklesia). The ruins of this church are located in the center of the old city. To find the church, you need to go around the kindergarten building on the left (it is directly opposite the entrance to the Church of the Virgin Mary).

All these temples were built between the 5th and 7th centuries.

On googlemaps the names of the churches do not match the names given above. This article provides names according to local residents.

Neighborhoods of Kaspi. If we talk about the accessibility of attractions in terms of hiking in the vicinity of Kaspi, the following historical monuments should be mentioned:

Caspian "burial grounds" (Caspian necropolis). A curious place just 500 meters from the western outskirts of the city. What is designated as burial grounds is a complex of rooms carved into soft rock, dating back to the 6th century. On the map (half a kilometer from the outskirts of the city) only one of the most interesting rocks with such premises is marked. It should be noted that along the way you can see several such caves.
Getting there is quite easy. 26 May Street ends at the street. Tsereteli. If you go to the right, you come out to the churches of Kviratskhoveli, the Blessed Virgin Mary and the Ascension. If you turn left, Tsereteli Street leads to the outskirts and smoothly turns into a dirt road leading to a complex of caves. The rock with multi-level rooms can be clearly seen from above (the dirt road at the very beginning goes down sharply). It should be noted that another inconspicuous cave is located almost at the very beginning of the dirt road. As soon as the descent begins, on the left you can see a rock where one room has been carved.

Coordinates:

Interesting moment. The Caspian caves are located almost on the same line with cave city Uplistsikhe on the left bank of the Kura. Between Kaspi and Uplistsikhe there are several more such cave complexes. For example, near the Grakali railway station. From the village of Saireti, along the highway leading to Gori (and at the same time to Uplistsikhe), you need to drive 3.7 km. Thus, we get to the railway bridge. After crossing the bridge, you need to walk another 1 km east along a dirt road.
Architecturally, these caves are not as interesting as their Caspian counterparts. But out of curiosity (if you have a car and the desire) it’s worth a look.

Tetrakhevi Monastery. It is worth spending a few hours walking to the Tetrakhevi Monastery. To get to the monastery, you need to cross the bridge on the Metekhi highway (4.5 km from the city center). The road to Metekhi turns left, but we need to turn right, along the dirt road. The distance from the bridge to the monastery is 4 km. If you travel by car, you need to take into account that this moment Only 2 km of the road (from the bridge) is passable. The primer is very washed out in one place. The remaining 2 km must be walked.
This monastery is associated with one of the Assyrian fathers - Thaddeus of Stepantsminda. First, he founded a monastery at the foot of Mount Zedazeni, and later moved to Urbnisi, where he founded the Church of the First Martyr Stephen. And finally, Thaddeus founded a monastery, now known as Tetrakhevi, where he was buried.
The church is a ruin. Inside, in the southern porch, human bones are collected in a box (!). Perhaps these are the remains of Thaddeus of Stepandzminda. To the east of the church there are traces of a water pipe. A well is found to the south.
The name Tetrakhevi itself translates as “White Gorge”. The abundance of limestone makes this area truly white.

Coordinates:

Travel logistics. approximate time a walk around Kaspi with inspection of the “burial grounds” (fortunately nearby) - 3-4 hours. It seems to me that the following route along Kaspi is more optimal:
Take a minibus to the bus station. Museum of Local Lore - Square named after. Saakadze - ascent along the street. Kostava, inspection of the Teodore Tironi Church - then until you turn onto the street. Tsereteli (primer). On the street Tsereteli we visit the Ascension, the Blessed Virgin Mary and Kviratskhoveli, then we go out to the intersection with the street. 26 of May. On this street, if you wish, you can look into the Church of St. George, or walk further along Tsereteli to the end. And there we already leave the city, and go down to the “burial grounds”.
From the "burial grounds" you can continue the route to the Tetrakhevi Monastery. But it’s worth considering that this will take at least another 3 hours, no less.

A complete list of historical monuments of the area is given in the description of the » Caspian Municipality

How to get to Kaspi. From Tbilisi (Didube metro station) to Kaspi a minibus costs 2 GEL (2013).
From Kaspi, if you missed the last minibus, you can get there by Borjomi train (train number 617), which arrives at 20:00. Ticket price is 1 GEL. The stop time in Kaspi is 1-2 minutes, the drive to Tblisi is 1 hour 10 minutes.
Information current as of June 16, 2014.

At the Kaspi bus station, minibuses Metekhi→Zemo Chocheti→Akhalkalaki→Akhaltsikhe and minibuses to Gori (Metekhi→Zemo Chocheti→...→Gori) were seen.
Below is the mileage:

Tbilisi (Metro station Didube) → Kaspi bus station (along the highway, via Igoeti) - 55 km.
Mtskheta (from the bridge) → Kaspi bus station (along the southern road, through Dzegvi) - 35 km.

Kaspi → Metekhi - 10 km.

Zemo Chocheti → Ertatsminda - 5 km.
Ertatsminda → Rkon Monastery - 12-13 km (dirt road)

Zemo Chocheti → Uplistsikhe - 25 km.

Kaspi → Samtavisi - 10 km
From the turn off the highway to Samtavisi - 2.1 km
Samtavisi → Kvemo Chala - 2.2 km
Kvemo Chala → Pantiani → Skhvilo Castle - 4.5 km (dirt road)

Kaspi, Shida Kartli, Georgia

Cozy city Kaspi, nestled on the southern slopes North Caucasus, has a rich and eventful past. Although it received city status only in 1959, its history began in the 5th century, when on the site of the modern settlement there was an early medieval settlement. Kaspi is considered one of ancient cities historical and geographical region of Kartli and is popular among travelers who, upon arrival in Georgia, rush to stroll along its streets and explore the preserved architectural monuments.

History of Kaspi

The first people lived on the site of modern Kaspi back in the Bronze Age. According to archaeological information, in the 6th–5th centuries BC there was an urban-type settlement on its territory, and possibly more Big City. In chronicle sources, Kaspi is mentioned in connection with the legend of King Mirian, who, while on Mount Thoti, suddenly found himself in pitch darkness. After he prayed to Saint Nino, the darkness dissipated, and his prayer became epoch-making for Georgia. After such an event, the ruler was baptized and made Christianity the main religion of the state.

In the 5th century AD, Kaspi was already a full-fledged city, which had military-strategic and cultural significance, its own resorts and was considered an important center of the military-administrative part of the Caspian basin. In the 30s of the 8th century it was destroyed by Arab conquerors under the leadership of Merwan, after which for many centuries it remained only a remote village.

A new round in the history of Kaspi began in the first half of the 20th century. In the 1930s, a cement plant (the largest in Transcaucasia) was built on its territory, which served as an impetus for the development and expansion of the settlement. At the same time it became the administrative center of the Kaspi municipality, and in 1959 it received city status.

Modern city of Kaspi

Today Kaspi is an industrial town with a population of more than 15,000 people and is conventionally divided into three parts:

• The old city, located on a hill, at the confluence of the Lekhura River with the Kura. This is where the most interesting sights of the village are located.
• Eastern outskirts with one-story residential buildings.
• Southern industrial suburbs with factories and related infrastructure.

The city of Kaspi is built mainly on hills. To the south of it lie deserted gorges, and to the southwest lies the Kura River valley with vast lowlands and steppes. The climate in Kaspi is temperate, with cool winters and dry, hot summers. The air temperature in January is -1°C, in August it rises to +23°C. Average precipitation is up to 450 mm per year.

How to get to Kaspi

It is not difficult to get to Kaspi from many cities in Georgia. Tourists heading to the locality from Tbilisi can use several types of transport:

• with your own or rented car - along the Zahesi-Mtskhata-Kavtiskhevi-Gori highway;
• by minibus - departs from the Didube metro station;
• by train to Borjomi – departs from the capital’s Central Station and arrives in Kaspi after 1 hour 10 minutes.

In addition to Tbilisi, they take you to the town minibuses or buses from Mtskheta, Metekhi, Gori, Chocheti, Zemo, Akhaltsikhe, Akhalkalaki.

What to see in Kaspi

Although the city of Kaspi cannot boast of an abundance of architectural monuments, there are a number of interesting sights on its territory that deserve the close attention of tourists.

• Church of Theodore Tironi

The ancient church, located on Kostava Street, is considered the oldest building in the city. Built in the 5th century, it has since been extensively renovated but retains its authentic medieval charm. Of particular interest inside the temple are the bright frescoes, which, although modern, are radically different from the traditional remodels in other Georgian churches.

• Temples of the 5th–7th centuries

Walking along the streets of the village, in different places it is easy to notice ancient churches, basilicas and ruins of temples built during the era of prosperity of Kaspi in the 5th–7th centuries. These include the churches of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Ascension, Kviratskhoveli, Matskhovari, and St. George.

• Museum of Local Lore

On central square city ​​there is a two-story building in which the local museum of local lore functions. The greatest value is its archaeological collection, which includes artifacts from the Bronze and Early Iron Ages (from the 3rd to the 1st millennium BC), as well as objects from antiquity and the Middle Ages. A significant part of the exhibits are finds discovered during excavations in the territory of Kaspi, Metekhi and Rene.

• Caspian necropolis

0.5 km from the western outskirts of the town there is a complex of “burial grounds” dating back to the 6th century AD. It consists of small caves carved out of soft rock for the burial of inhabitants. What’s interesting is that the Kaspi caves rise on the same level as the Uplistsikhe Odnoklassniki caves