Traveling to Pushkin's places. A fascinating excursion to Pushkin's places! Manor from the fortress

Class: 9

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The purpose of the lesson: preparing schoolchildren to study the creative biography of the poet.

“We lived on this land, don’t give it into our hands
devastators, vulgarities and ignoramuses. We -
descendants of Pushkin, we will be held accountable for this..."
(K. Paustovsky)

During the classes.

1. Organizational moment.

2. The teacher's word.

Mikhailovskoye... Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin was associated with his mother’s estate in the village of Mikhailovsky in the Pskov province throughout his entire mature life - from 1817 to 1836. ( Annex 1 . Slide 1-5)

3. Student's story.

Trigorskoye (Slide 6)

The novel “Eugene Onegin” “was almost entirely written in my eyes,” recalled the poet’s Trigorsk friend Alexei Vulf. “So I, a student of Dorpatsky, appeared in the form of a Göttingen man called Lensky. My sisters are examples of his village young ladies, and almost Tatyana one of them."

Communication with Trigorsk friends, observations of the life of other surrounding landowners gave the poet “colors and materials for inventions that are so natural, true and consistent with the prose and poetry of rural life in Russia” (A.I. Turgenev).

Impressions of Russian nature, the charm of the ancient Pskov land with its “noble mounds” and ancient settlements, communication with peasants, with a serf peasant nanny - “everything excited Pushkin’s gentle mind”, contributed to the comprehension of the soul of the Russian people.

In 1827, Pushkin again came there from St. Petersburg to take a break from his distracted life and to write in freedom. Alexei Vulf from Trigorsky visited him: “I walked up the rickety porch into the dilapidated hut of the leading Russian poet. In a Moldavian red cap and robe, I saw him at his desk. ... He showed me the first two chapters of the novel in prose, which he had just written, where the main person is his great-grandfather Hannibal." We are talking here about the first prose work of the poet Pushkin - the novel "Arap of Peter the Great."

It was in Mikhailovsky that Pushkin’s historical interests deepened and took shape. From the artistic depiction of Russian society during the reign of Peter I in the novel “The Blackamoor of Peter the Great,” Pushkin at the end of his life turned to the era of Peter the Great as a historiographer: death interrupted his work on “The History of Peter the Great.” In this work, Pushkin also mentions his great-grandfather Abram Petrovich Hannibal.

4. Student's story.

Petrovskoe (Slide 7-8)

Family estate of A.P. Hannibal village Petrovskoye is located near the village. Mikhailovsky, on the opposite side of the lake. Pushkin visited his relatives and heard “stories about ancient times” from Hannibal’s old servants.

For the first time in his life, a permanent stay on his native land, near Hannibal’s family nest, gave Pushkin the opportunity to clearly feel the shadows of the past and inspired him to write in poetry and prose.

The poet became so close to these places that, being already married, he tried to acquire a piece of land in Savkino, near Mikhailovsky and Trigorsky. But it was unsuccessful.

The spiritual rebirth experienced by Pushkin at Mikhailovsky, which enriched him as a person and as an artist-creator, gave impetus to all his creativity in the future. It is no coincidence that Mikhailovskoe was and is called the poetic homeland of Pushkin.

The last time the poet came here was in April 1836 for several days due to sad circumstances: he was burying his mother Nadezhda Osipovna Pushkina, who had died in St. Petersburg, in the Svyatogorsk Monastery.

A few months later, on February 6, 1837, friends buried the body of Pushkin, who died in a duel, next to his mother.

The death and funeral of Pushkin became the beginning of the greatest posthumous glory of the Russian genius.

I live and write not for praise
But I think I would like
To glorify my sad lot,
So that about me, like a faithful friend,
I remembered at least a single sound...

Everything in Mikhailovsky now reminds us of Pushkin: nature, glorified by his poems, and the poems themselves, heard in excursions.

Places that are familiar with Pushkin's inspiration have been the Mikhailovskoye Nature Reserve since 1922, are covered with folk love and arouse interest not only among Russian poetry lovers, but throughout the world.

5. The teacher's word.

Pushkin in Boldino (Slide 9-12)

And poetry awakens in me:
The soul is embarrassed by lyrical excitement,
It trembles and sounds and searches, like in a dream
To finally pour out with free manifestation.
And then an invisible swarm of guests comes towards me,
Old acquaintances, fruits of my dreams.
And the thoughts in my head are agitated in courage,
And light rhymes run towards them,
And fingers ask for pen, pen for paper.
A minute - and the poems will flow freely.
(A.S. Pushkin. “Autumn”)

Among the many memorable places in Russia associated with the life and work of A.S. Pushkin, Boldino is especially noteworthy. The poet visited this family estate of the Pushkins in the Nizhny Novgorod province three times: in 1830, 1833 and 1834 (Appendix 3). In total, Pushkin spent no more than five months in Boldino. But it was here that he created his most significant works. This amazing, fruitful work of the poet borders on a miracle, and this period in Pushkin’s work was defined as the “Boldino autumn.”

Pushkin first arrived in Boldino in September 1830 and expected to stay there for no more than a month, but was detained by cholera quarantine and lived almost the entire autumn. During these three months, the poet wrote more than 40 works. Among them: "Belkin's Stories", "Little Tragedies", the last chapters of the novel "Eugene Onegin", fairy tales, poems, many critical articles and sketches.

The poet spent the autumn of 1833, after a trip to the Urals, in Boldino again. He wrote to his wife: “I’m sleeping and I see coming to Boldino and locking myself there..” And in another letter to Natalya Nikolaevna, Pushkin described his working day: “I wake up at 7 o’clock, drink coffee and lie in bed until 3 o’clock.” (The poet had "the habit of working in bed - G.T.) At 3 o'clock I sit up, at 5 in the bath and then I have lunch with potatoes and sinner porridge. Until 9 o'clock I read." During the autumn of 1833, Alexander Sergeevich wrote “The Bronze Horseman”, “Angelo”, “The Tale of the Dead Princess”, “The Tale of the Fisherman and the Fish”, “The Queen of Spades”, several poems, and finished “The History of Pugachev”.

The names of the Pushkins, the owners of Boldin in the 17th century, the most ancient period of its history, are mostly known. But their life “in the flesh” and “deeds” remains little studied. Only isolated facts from the biographies of the Pushkins of this time were included in the literature.

Boldino and the lands adjacent to it for four centuries belonged to the Pushkin family - one of the oldest noble families in Russia.

From the beginning of the 18th century, the Boldino family estate was owned by the poet’s direct ancestors: great-great-grandfather, great-grandfather, grandfather, and in the beginning of the 19th century, the poet’s father, Sergei Lvovich Pushkin.

Agriculture, livestock raising and unique pottery for the production of black polished dishes were the main occupation of the local population.

The manor house in Boldin is the only surviving original house that belonged to the Pushkin family. Its special memorial value also lies in the fact that it was in this house that the “Miracle of the Boldino Autumn of 1830” took place.

Next to the estate is the stone Church of the Assumption, erected by the poet’s grandfather Lev Alexandrovich at the end of the 18th century and consecrated in the year of A.S. Pushkin’s birth under his grandmother and godmother Olga Vasilievna. This is the only temple in Russia associated with the history of the Pushkin family. Unfortunately, during the years of Soviet power, the Church of the Assumption was destroyed. However, the main part of the temple building has been preserved. Currently, the Church of the Assumption is being restored.

Boldino has taken an exceptional place in the world of spiritual and moral values of A.S. Pushkin both as a “life-giving shrine” of his family history and as a place of his inspired creative works.

A.S. Pushkin came to Boldino three times in 1830, 1833 and 1834. The bulk of Pushkin’s works of the thirties were created here: “Belkin’s Tales”, “The Queen of Spades”, “Little Tragedies”, the last chapters of “Eugene Onegin”, the poem “The Bronze Horseman” ", "House in Kolomna", "Angelo", fairy tales, "The History of Pugachev", many poems - more than sixty works in total. The famous Boldino autumn of 1830 was marked by particular fruitfulness - the period of the highest creative rise in the poet’s life.

On the occasion of the 150th anniversary of the birth of A.S. Pushkin, in 1949, the Pushkin Museum-Reserve was created in the village of Bolshoye Boldino.

6. Student's story.

Pushkin places in Moscow (Slide 13)

Moscow is the city where Pushkin was born and spent his childhood, where he forever became friends with books and began to write his first poems. The Pushkin house on the former Nemetskaya, now Baumanskaya Street, has not survived. A school building is now located on this site.

The first Moscow period of the poet’s life is associated with him - from 1799 to 1811.

Alexander Sergeevich came to Moscow for the second time in 1826 after returning from Mikhailovsky exile and visited here quite often until 1831. During this second Moscow period, sometimes living in Moscow for a long time, Pushkin moved in the literary environment. It happens with poets P.A. Vyazemsky, D.V. Venevitinova, E.A. Baratynsky. Visits salons Z.A. Volkonskaya and A.P. Elagina.

The third Moscow period - from 1831 to 1836. During these years, Pushkin visited Moscow eight times. On February 18 (old style), 1831, in the Church of the Ascension of Christ, Pushkin married Natalya Nikolaevna Goncharova. Their first apartment was a house on Arbat, where the young people lived for about three months. Now this house houses the Pushkin Museum. And in 1880, a monument by sculptor A.M. was erected nearby. Opekushina.

In his “Message to Yudin,” sixteen-year-old Pushkin writes:

I see my village
My Zakharovo; it
With fences in the wavy river,
With a bridge and a shady grove
The mirror of water is reflected.
My house is on the hill...

Zakharovo (Slide 14)

Zakharovo is located near Moscow. In 1804, this estate was bought by the poet’s grandmother, M.A. Hannibal. There from 1805 to 1810 The whole Pushkin family spent every summer. The impressions received by Pushkin as a child in Zakharovo lasted throughout his life. Here the future poet first learned about poetic Russian nature, about simple Russian peasants. As an adult, Pushkin came to Zakharovo only once - in 1830. About this visit, the poet’s mother, Nadezhda Osipovna, wrote to her daughter Olga: “Imagine, he made a sentimental trip to Zakharovo this summer, all alone, solely to see the places where he spent several years of his childhood.”

Two versts from Zakharovo is the village of Bolshie Vyazemy. (Now the Golitsino station of the Belarusian Railway.) At that time it belonged to Prince Golitsyn, with whom the parents of the future poet were friends. Zakharovo did not have its own church, and the Pushkins went to Bolshie Vyazemy every Sunday for mass. This church, according to legend, was built by Boris Godunov at the end of the 16th century. In the summer of 1807, Pushkin’s younger brother Nikolai was buried in the church fence.

7. Student's story.

Pushkin places in St. Petersburg (Slide 15-16)

Pushkin made his first long journey at the age of one, when his parents in 1800-1801. spent several months in the capital. And the real acquaintance with the city took place in 1811. Then the poet’s uncle Vasily Lvovich Pushkin brought Alexander to St. Petersburg to enter the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum. After graduating from the Lyceum in 1817, A.S. Pushkin settled with his parents, who were then based in St. Petersburg, and lived there for three years.

V.A. Ertel left a description of the poet’s room in his parents’ house: “We went up the stairs, the servant opened the doors, and we entered the room. At the door there was a bed on which lay a young man in a striped Bukhara robe, with a skullcap on his head. Near the bed, on the table ", there were papers and books. The room combined the signs of the home of a young socialite with the poetic disorder of a scientist."

During this period, Alexander Pushkin participated in the literary society "Green Lamp" and worked on the poem "Ruslan and Lyudmila." At the same time, his lyrical works appeared: the ode “Liberty”, the poems “Village”, “To Chaadaev”, “N.Ya. Pluskova”, merciless political epigrams on Alexander I, Arakcheev and others. In May 1820, Alexander Sergeevich was exiled to the south.

From 1827 to 1830 Pushkin is more a guest than a permanent resident of St. Petersburg. When visiting the capital, the poet visits the literary salons of A.N. Olenina, E.A. Karamzina, A.O. Rosset visits Zhukovsky and meets with Griboyedov. He reads his new works in many collections. During this period, Pushkin was at the height of his fame.

In the spring of 1831, after his marriage to Natalya Nikolaevna Goncharova, Pushkin came to St. Petersburg from Moscow with the intention of settling for a long time and, indeed, lived there until the day of his death. On January 27, 1837, a fatal duel with Dantes took place. Two days later, Pushkin died. The poet's funeral took place on February 1 in the Konyushenskaya Church. And on the 3rd, the coffin with Pushkin’s body was sent to the Svyatogorsk Monastery. He was accompanied by his friend, the poet A.I. Turgenev, uncle Nikita Kozlov and the gendarme.

Now in St. Petersburg everything connected with the name of Pushkin is carefully preserved: the Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin House), the poet’s last apartment on the Moika embankment, 12 (All-Russian Pushkin Museum) and many other places.

8. Student's story.

Nizhny Novgorod of Pushkin's times ( Appendix 5 Slide 17-18)

9. Student's story.

Pushkin in Kazan (Slide 19-20)

A.S. Pushkin’s visit to Kazan in September 1833 was connected with his work on a historical novel about the events of the peasant war of 1773-1774. under the leadership of Emelyan Pugachev "The History of Pugachev".

“For the last two years I have been engaged in nothing but historical research, and have not written a single line of literature. I need to spend two months in complete solitude in order to take a break from important studies and finish a book that I started a long time ago... If you want to know what kind of book I want to finish writing it in the village: this is a novel, most of the action of which takes place in Orenburg and Kazan, and that’s why I would like to visit both of these provinces" - A.S. Pushkin to Count A.H. Benckendorff, end of July 1833.

August 12 A.S. Pushkin received the vacation certificate he requested and went on a trip. He had to travel about 3,000 versts on post horses for a month and a half - from St. Petersburg to Uralsk (via Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Simbirsk, Orenburg) and from Uralsk to Boldin (via Syzran, Simbirsk, Ardatov and Abramovo).

Pushkin went to the outskirts of Kazan, to Sukonnaya Sloboda, with the intention of meeting with old eyewitnesses. In the so-called Gorlov tavern, mentioned by him in the book about Pugachev, he talked with the old clothier - V.P. Babin. Babin spoke about the events of July 1774 - the storming of Kazan and the defeat of the Pugachevites by Michelson's government troops - from the words of his parents, who witnessed the events mentioned. Babin's story turned out to be very interesting and important for Pushkin. Throughout the afternoon, the poet processed the notes of his conversation and made sketches of the future seventh chapter. According to the estimates of researcher N.F. Kalinin, Pushkin introduced about 40% of the text from the story of the Kazan clothier in a revised form into the seventh chapter of “The History of the Pugachev Rebellion.”

From K.F. Fuchs, Pushkin learned, in particular, about the former location of Pugachev’s camp in Kazan and in order to see with his own eyes the scenes of events, he went alone along the Siberian Highway to the village of Troitskaya Noksa (9-10 versts from the center of Kazan), where before the capture of Kazan there was Pugachev's rate.

Over tea, Karl Fedorovich, at the poet’s request, told him everything he knew (he heard from the guards or read) about the capture of Kazan by the Pugachevites.

At about 6:30 am on September 8, the poet left Kazan for Simbirsk. He was accompanied by E.A. Baratynsky, who had arrived early in the morning from Kaimar. When parting, Alexander Sergeevich gave him his portrait by the artist J. Vivien in a small frame made by the poet himself. This portrait is little known and is now kept in the A.S. Pushkin Museum in Moscow.

Pushkin’s fresh Kazan impressions were reflected in his letter to his wife, dated September 8, 1833: “...Here I was busy with the old people, contemporaries of my hero, traveled around the city, examined the battlefields, deciphered, wrote down and was very pleased that I didn’t I visited this side in vain..." (Pushkin A.S. Complete collected works: In 10 volumes - L., 1979. - Vol. 10. - P. 346).

Photo: website of the A.S. Museum-Reserve Pushkin
In autumn it is especially pleasant to walk around Pushkin’s Moscow region, because it was this time of year that the poet loved most. It is not for nothing that the village of Zakharovo, Odintsovo district, is called the poetic birthplace of Pushkin. For six years in a row, little Sasha spent the summer in Zakharov. On the eve of the poet’s 200th birthday, the house of his grandmother, Maria Alekseevna Hannibal, was restored here using old drawings. Here the boy began to write his first poems.

Now the Zakharovo estate and the neighboring estate of the Golitsyn princes, Bolshie Vyazemy, are united into the State Historical and Literary Museum-Reserve of A. S. Pushkin.

Nannies and guys

Photo: official website of the A.S. Museum-Reserve Pushkin
Next to the manor house in Zakharov there is a monument to M.A. Hannibal and young Pushkin. And this is no coincidence.
In Moscow, the Pushkins did not have a house - they moved from one to another, often changing apartments. And then the grandmother took on the role of mistress. She was a housekeeper and raised her grandchildren. She is considered to be Pushkin’s first teacher. In 1804, she bought the Zakharovo estate near Moscow, selling Kobrino near St. Petersburg. Paid 28 thousand rubles. The estate consisted of 910 acres of land and more than 130 serfs.
Sergei Lvovich, Alexander’s father, rarely came to Zakharovo. It is believed that he did not like the village. Mom, Nadezhda Osipovna, did not like to do housework. All worries were on the shoulders of Maria Alekseevna. It was my grandmother who noticed that Sasha was growing up as an unusual child. The boy began writing poetry at the age of 8, but he burned all his pre-police works - his tutor said they were very bad.
According to Pushkin’s relatives, a dramatic change in the child’s character took place here - an irrepressible and inquisitive boy woke up in the “hulk”. In Zakharov, he fell in love with simple village food: baked potatoes, pancakes, pickled apples, gooseberry jam.

Photo: official website of the A.S. Museum-Reserve Pushkin
Pushkin's grandmother was a kind lady who took care of her peasants. She said: “You need to love your peasants like your own children.” From the St. Petersburg estate she brought her nanny Arina Rodionovna along with her children to Zakharovo.
Arina Rodionovna was a serf, illiterate, but turned out to be a talented storyteller. Her father died at the age of 39, leaving seven children. Arina was average and looked after the younger ones. I told them stories when I put them to bed. This is how the talent of the storyteller developed. The Pushkins took her into their house at the age of 40.
There were many nannies in the family. Each child has his own. Granddaughter Olya was born first. Arina Rodionovna was taken into the house for her. When Alexander was born, they invited nanny Ulyana. Until she was five years old, she babysat the boy. Arina Rodionovna stood out among the nannies. She was cheerful and witty. I knew a lot of fairy tales, proverbs and sayings. It was fun and interesting to be with her. Everyone loved her. She managed to capture the heart of not only Olga, but also Alexander.
At that time, male teachers (guys) were also assigned to the boys. Alexander's uncle's name was Nikita Timofeevich. He was an educated peasant, versed in literature, wrote poetry, ballads, played the guitar and balalaika. He loved his pupil very much. Taught him to swim and ride a horse. Nikita Timofeevich was even the poet’s secretary. After the duel on the Black River, it was he who carried the coffin with Pushkin’s body to the Svyatogorsk Monastery.

"My Zakharovo"

Photo: Moscow Region magazine
Two rivers and a pond divided Zakharovo into two parts. One side is peasant, the other is landowner.
The excursions begin in the park where little Sasha loved to walk. Last year, a mighty elm tree that had been growing for more than 200 years collapsed here. But the old linden trees that saw the young poet still stand. You can often see a touching picture in the park: tourists hug old linden trees, stroke their bark, kiss them... They say that this gives you strength.
The path goes down to the pond. There is a monument to young Pushkin on the shore. The author is the sculptor Khizhnyak. He portrayed the poet as a 12-year-old boy. Thus Alexander left here for the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum. The location for the monument was not chosen by chance. The child spent a lot of time here. From here there was a beautiful view of the village.
Then, by order of the grandmother, a table was placed by the pond, a samovar was placed on it, the whole family drank tea, and treated the guests. On the shore, Pushkin performed plays in front of his sister, and composed plays himself. One day his sister booed him. She said that his plays are a repetition of Moliere.
There once was a front driveway leading to the house. The original mansion - two-story, with a pediment and columns above the entrance, a belvedere and a suite of rooms - was rebuilt when Pushkin's 200th anniversary was celebrated. Now each room houses interesting exhibitions.
The large living room introduces you to the life of a noble family, their way of life. Portraits of Pushkin's relatives hang here. The guides talk about the genealogy of the great poet.

Photo: Moscow Region magazine
The children's room is of particular interest. Young Sasha lived in such a room in Zakharov. Here you can see a sofa, a wicker rocking chair, a collection of butterflies, a children's bureau, and a bookcase with old books. Even as a child, Pushkin was a bookworm. I read a lot, and sometimes spent nights with a book. He knew French literature very well. He was nicknamed the Frenchman not only for his knowledge of the language of Moliere, but also of French literature.
Also very interesting is the exhibition of the study of grandmother Maria Alekseevna Hannibal. Ancient icons, a mirror, and a table for needlework are displayed here. In the small living room there are copies of interesting documents: deeds of sale, extracts from a 17th-century scribe book.
Zakharovo, near Moscow, lives in Pushkin’s works. In the poem “Message to Yudin” the poet wrote:

I see my village
My Zakharovo; it
With fences in the wavy river,
With a bridge and a shady grove
The mirror of water reflects...
My house is on the hill; from the balcony
I can go to the cheerful garden,
Where are Flora and Pomona together?
They give me flowers and fruits...

Farewell to the estate

Photo: official website of the A.S. Museum-Reserve Pushkin
Pushkin, leaving for the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum, said goodbye to Moscow, to his childhood, to Zakharov. The grandmother sold the village almost immediately after her grandson left in 1811. Colonel Kozlova became the new owner of the estate. There was nothing special about her. It so happened that her grave in Bolshiye Vyazemy was next to the grave of the poet’s brother, Nikolai, who died in Zakharov.
Alexander Sergeevich came here one more time at the age of 30, when he was getting ready to get married. I came to say goodbye to my carefree life. His mother, Nadezhda Osipovna, said that it was only a “sentimental trip”: “I went there alone, just to see the places where I spent several years of my childhood.” The granddaughter of the Arab Peter the Great did not like sentimentality.
During this trip to Zakharovo, Alexander Sergeevich met with Maria, the daughter of Arina Rodionovna. She married a local peasant. Her descendants still live here. Maria treated Pushkin to scrambled eggs and milk. The poet invited her to visit Moscow. Pushkin then said bitter words to the peasant woman: “Everything ours has been decided, ... everything has been broken, everything is overgrown.” Maria came to Pushkin in Moscow and even visited his apartment on Arbat. Alexander Sergeevich introduced her to his young wife and showed her her handicrafts.
Childhood impressions were reflected in Pushkin’s most famous works: “Dubrovsky”, “The Young Lady-Peasant Woman”, “Boris Godunov”, “The History of the Village of Goryukhin”. In the poem "Boris Godunov" Varlaam sings the song "How it was in the city of Kazan." It turns out that they loved to sing such a song here. And in “Eugene Onegin” the house in Zakharov became Onegin’s house.

Visiting the Queen of Spades

Photo: website of the A. S. Pushkin Museum-Reserve
Not far from Zakharov is the village of Bolshiye Vyazemy, where the poet also visited. He came here with his grandmother to church and to visit the Golitsyns. Pushkin portrayed Prince Golitsyn in the image of Lensky in Eugene Onegin, Prince Vereisky in Dubrovsky.
Local residents call the estate complex in Bolshiye Vyazemy “the house of the Queen of Spades.” The prototype of the heroine of the famous story was Princess Natalia Petrovna Golitsyna.
“The village of Zakharovo was rich: Russian songs were heard in it, holidays were held, therefore, Pushkin received the first impressions of folk life... And in Vyazemy, Pushkin had the opportunity to see monuments of Godunov’s time and hear legends about Tsar Boris,” wrote the critic Shevyrev, who often visited in Vyazemy.
The museum, created on the basis of two estates, is engaged in scientific and educational activities. Pushkin readings and various creative evenings are held here. “Pushkin Balls” are held in Bolshiye Vyazemy.
The guides tell how the poet met Natalya Goncharova at one of these balls in Moscow. It was in the house of Prince Dmitry Golitsyn. Young Natalie attracted Alexander Sergeevich not only with her beauty, but also with her modesty.

Photo: website of the A. S. Pushkin Museum-Reserve
The museum annually holds the International Competition of Children's Drawings “Pushkin through the Eyes of Children.” Up to 15 thousand drawings from all over the world come to this competition, popular among young artists. Each participant is sent a diploma.
The museum’s exhibitions introduce not only the childhood of the great poet, tourists here will learn a lot of interesting things about the adult life of Alexander Sergeevich, his roots, and creativity.
Descendants of Pushkin often visit the museum. Delegations from Africa often come here. As it turned out, Pushkin’s famous ancestor Hannibal was not from Ethiopia, as previously thought, but from Cameroon.
Excursions in a playful way are organized for children. Every first Sunday in June, in honor of the poet’s birthday, a Pushkin holiday is held in Zakharov. Poets come from all over the country and from abroad, they recite their own poems by the pond, and children, surrounded by admirers of the classic, read his works.

How to get there:

From the Belorussky railway station by train Moscow-Zvenigorod to Zakharovo station or to Golitsyno, then by bus No. 22 to the Zakharovo stop.
- by car along the Mozhaisk highway, after turning to Zvenigorod, drive 2 km to Zakharov.

I live in the very center of Moscow. The other day, a brochure “Around Pushkin’s Places” was dropped into my mailbox, telling about memorable Pushkin’s places in the center of Moscow. I think that this information will be useful not only to Muscovites-pick-up artists, but also to guests of the Russian capital who are not averse to making a favorable impression on the ladies.

... Already the pillars of the Outpost
Turn white; here on Tverskaya
The cart rushes over potholes.
The booths and women flash past,
Boys, benches, lanterns,
Palaces, gardens, monasteries,
Bukharians, sleighs, vegetable gardens,
Merchants, shacks, men,
Boulevards, towers, Cossacks,
Pharmacies, fashion stores,
Balconies, lions on the gates
And flocks of jackdaws on crosses.

When churches and bell towers
Gardens, palace semicircle
Suddenly opened up before me!

In my wandering destiny,
Moscow, I was thinking about you!

For the Russian heart merged,
How much resonated with him!

Tverskaya, 21

Moscow welcomes Onegin
With your arrogant bustle,
He seduces with his virgins,
Serves sterlet fish soup,
In the ward of the English Club
(People's meetings test),
Silently immersed in thought,
He hears about prenya porridge.
A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin". 1823-1831

Pushkinskaya sq., 3

But the one I don't dare
Disturb with my lyre,
Like the majestic moon
She shines among wives and maidens.
With what heavenly pride
She touches the earth!
A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin". 1823-1831

Tverskoy Boulevard

Pushkinskaya sq., 7

Tverskaya, 15

Tverskaya, 14

Among the scattered Moscow,
With the hustle and bustle of whist and boston,
With the ballroom babble of rumors
You love Apollo games.
Queen of muses and beauty,
You hold with a gentle hand

And over the pensive brow,
Double crowned with a wreath,
And the genius curls and burns.
The singer captivated by you
Do not reject humble tribute,
Hear my voice with a smile,
Like Catalani passing by
The nomad listens to the gypsy.

Tverskaya, 13

Tverskaya, 6

Forward, forward, my story!
A new face is calling us.

Villages of Lensky, lives
And is still alive today
In the philosophical desert
Zaretsky, once a brawler,
Ataman of the gambling gang,

Now kind and simple
The father of the family is single,

And even an honest person:
This is how our century is corrected!
A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin". 1823-1831

B. Dmitrovka, 1

She is also brought to Sobranie.
There is cramped space, excitement, heat,

Beauties have light dresses,
Choirs full of people,
A vast semicircle of brides,
All the senses are suddenly struck.
Here the dandies seem to be noteworthy
Your impudence, your vest
And an inattentive lorgnette.
Here the hussars are on vacation
They are in a hurry to appear, to thunder,
Shine, captivate and fly away.
A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin". 1823-1831

B. Dmitrovka, 7

B. Dmitrovka, 9-11

B. Dmitrovka, 15

B Dmitrovka, 22-24

Glinishchevsky lane, 6

How long can I walk in the world
Now in a carriage, now on horseback,
Now in a wagon, now in a carriage,
Either in a cart or on foot?
...
Whether it's a glass of rum,
Sleep at night, tea in the morning;
What a difference, brothers, at home!..
Well, let's go, let's go!..
A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin". 1823-1831

Strastnoy Blvd., 10

Degtyarny lane, 4

Vorotnikovsky lane, 12

Bolshoy Karetny lane, 24

Bolshoi Karetny Lane, 16

Stoleshnikov lane, 12

Stoleshnikov lane, 14

Petrovka, 3

Teatralnaya Square

But where Melpomene is stormy
A long howl is heard,
Where he waves his tinsel robe
She is in front of a cold crowd,
Where Thalia sleeps quietly

Where is Terpsichore the only one
The young spectator marvels

In your time and mine)...
A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin". 1823-1831

Moscow and Pushkin. These two concepts are indissoluble! Here, in the heart of Russia, he was born and spent his childhood. He returned here as a mature, famous poet after many years of involuntary wanderings and exile. Even after moving to St. Petersburg, Pushkin came to our city every year.

Many places in Moscow are associated with the name of the great poet. It is no coincidence that in one of his best works, “Eugene Onegin,” Pushkin spoke so vividly about the main street of the capital, Tverskaya, which gave its name to the entire district:

Ah, brothers! I was so pleased
When churches and bell towers
Gardens, palace semicircle
Suddenly opened up before me!
How often in sorrowful separation,
In my wandering destiny,
Moscow, I was thinking about you!
Moscow... so much in this sound
For the Russian heart merged,
How much resonated with him!
A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin". 1823-1831

Tverskaya, 21
Since 1831, the building (now the State Central Museum of Contemporary History of Russia) has housed the English Club, which Pushkin visited more than once when he came to Moscow.

Pushkinskaya sq., 3
Here during the time of Pushkin there was the house of M.I. Rimskaya-Korsakova. Her house was called Famusov's house. Pushkin visited it in 1826-1830, when he was close to the owner’s son, Grigory Alexandrovich. The poet dedicated lines from “Eugene Onegin” to his sister Alexandra:

But the one I don't dare
Disturb with my lyre,
Like the majestic moon
She shines among wives and maidens.
With what heavenly pride
She touches the earth!
A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin". 1823-1831

Tverskoy Boulevard
One of Pushkin's favorite places. He walked along the alleys of the boulevard more than once. In the Kologrivovs’ house, which is no longer preserved, he met N.N. for the first time at a ball. Goncharov. Visited Adjutant General I.N. Rimsky-Korsakov, who told the poet about the times of Catherine the Great. (d. 24-26)

Pushkinskaya sq., 7
In this house in September 1832, Pushkin had dinner with fellow Minister of Public Education Count S.S. Uvarov. A few days before, Uvarov, while touring Moscow University, invited Alexander Sergeevich with him. The later famous writer, and at that time, a young student I.A. Goncharov recalled: “When he entered with Uvarov, for me it was as if the sun illuminated the entire audience... And suddenly this genius, this glory and this pride of Russia were five steps in front of me! I couldn’t believe my eyes. The lecture was given by Davydov, professor of Russian history literature. “Here is the theory of art,” Uvarov said, turning to us students and pointing to Davydov, “and here is art itself,” he added, pointing to Pushkin.”

Tverskaya, 15
In this house, which is no longer preserved, in 1836 Pushkin met with the writer A.A. Perovsky. Pushkin to his wife on May 11, 1836: “I visited Perovsky, who showed Brulov’s unfinished paintings.”

Tverskaya, 14
The building was built in the 1790s. architect M.F. Kazakov for E. Kozitskaya. Rebuilt several times. Last time under the G.G. store Eliseev, the owner of a St. Petersburg company trading wines and colonial goods. The walls, windows of the upper floor and the central entrance have been preserved from the Pushkin era. On December 26, 1826, the poet met here with M.N. Volkonskaya, who was leaving for Siberia to join her Decembrist husband. The house was a haven for muses. In it, the poet met the rural poet, figure in the national liberation movement Adam Mickiewicz, and met with many Moscow writers: P.A. Vyazemsky, M.P. Pogodin, N.A. Polevoy. To the owner of the literary salon, poetess, singer Z.A. Volkonskaya, he dedicated a poem:

Among the scattered Moscow,
With the hustle and bustle of whist and boston,
With the ballroom babble of rumors
You love Apollo games.
Queen of muses and beauty,
You hold with a gentle hand
Magic scepter of inspirations,
And over the pensive brow,
Double crowned with a wreath,
And the genius curls and burns.
The singer captivated by you
Do not reject humble tribute,
Hear my voice with a smile,
Like Catalani passing by
The nomad listens to the gypsy.
A.S. Pushkin "Princess Z.A. Volkonskaya", when sending her the poem "Gypsies". 1827

Tverskaya, 13
In the building of the Moscow Governor-General D.V. Golitsyn regularly held balls, which Pushkin attended. In particular, it was here that he first met the future poetess E.P. Rostopchina. Subsequently, she dedicated the poem “Two Meetings” to this acquaintance. E.N. Ushakova, the poet, wrote the poem “At a Distance from You,” which she recalled that it was “Impromptu... spoken in a mazurka at Prince Golitsyn’s ball.”

I remember, I remember another date:
At a brilliant ball, in a seething meeting,
Proud of the gentleman and hand in hand with him,
I intervened in the dance... and with my happiness
That beautiful evening the whole world became richer.
He addressed me with tender greetings,
He approved of me with friendship without flattery,
He wanted to find out my secret...
E.P. Rostopchin "Two meetings". 1838

Tverskaya, 6
The building, now unpreserved, housed the Europe Hotel, where A.S. stayed. Pushkin. Here he met with the Polish poet A. Mickiewicz. The building itself was built in 1707-1708. for the Siberian governor M.P. Gagarin. It survived the fire of 1812 and during the time of Pushkin it belonged to the merchant M.D. Chasovnikov. Externally, the building resembled a Venetian palace. Pushkin stopped in this house in September 1826 and lived for two months.
In 1829, the building became the North Hotel by I. Kopp. On March 12, 1830, Pushkin settled in it, but left a few days later. 1836 Pushkin visited this hotel again. Then the famous F.I. lived in it. Tolstoy - American before his departure abroad. The poet visited him and wrote about F.I. Tolstoy in his famous novel has the following lines:

Forward, forward, my story!
A new face is calling us.
Five miles from Krasnogorye,
Villages of Lensky, lives
And is still alive today
In the philosophical desert
Zaretsky, once a brawler,
Ataman of the gambling gang,
The head is a rake, a tavern tribune,
Now kind and simple
The father of the family is single,
Reliable friend, peaceful landowner
And even an honest person:
This is how our century is corrected!
A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin". 1823-1831

B. Dmitrovka, 1
This building housed the Noble Club, better known as the Noble Assembly. Twice a week it hosted balls, attended by up to five thousand people. Pushkin visited here many times. T.P. Passek wrote that one day in the winter of 1826/27 she and A.I. Herzen met the poet here: “Suddenly there was a special kind of movement among him. Two young men entered the hall, one a tall blond, the other a medium-height brunette, with black curly hair and a sharply expressive face. “Look,” they told us, - blond - Baratynsky, brunette - Pushkin."

She is also brought to Sobranie.
There is cramped space, excitement, heat,
Music roars, candles sparkle,
Flashing, a whirlwind of fast steams,
Beauties have light dresses,
Choirs full of people,
A vast semicircle of brides,
All the senses are suddenly struck.
Here the dandies seem to be noteworthy
Your impudence, your vest
And an inattentive lorgnette.
Here the hussars are on vacation
They are in a hurry to appear, to thunder,
Shine, captivate and fly away.
A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin". 1823-1831

B. Dmitrovka, 7
In the courtyard of this house the building of General E.P. has been preserved. Glebova-Streshneva. Card player V.S. lived there. Fire-Doganovsky. In 1830, Pushkin lost 25 thousand rubles to him. According to literary scholars, “The Queen of Spades” gives a description of Ogon-Doganovsky and his society. Pushkin himself wrote in one of his letters in 1832 “... I have been married for about a year, and as a result of this, my lifestyle has completely changed... I fell behind cards and dice for more than two years; unfortunately, I went on strike, being a loser , and the expenses of the wedding, combined with the payment of gambling debts, upset my affairs."

B. Dmitrovka, 9-11
In 1813-1830 in a building owned by N.N. Muravyov, housed the English Club. Pushkin began visiting the club immediately after his exile. There he met with many famous Muscovites.

B. Dmitrovka, 15
The house has not survived. During the time of Pushkin, the prince’s palace was located here. D.V. Golitsyn. In this building in the apartment of Chief of Police D.I. Shulgin interrogated Pushkin about the distribution of his banned poems in January 1827.

B Dmitrovka, 22-24
The building has not survived; in Pushkin’s time it belonged to the prince. F.F. Gagarin. The poet visited him several times and constantly remembered him in his letters. So on May 11, 1836, he wrote to his wife: “Yesterday I had dinner with Prince Fyodor Gagarin and returned at 4 o’clock in the morning - in such a good mood, as if from a ball.”

Glinishchevsky lane, 6
During the time of A.S. Pushkin this building belonged to L.N. Aubert - the son of a French emigrant, a French teacher. The house housed I. Kopp's hotel "North". Pushkin stayed there twice: from December 6, 1828 to January 7, 1829 and from early March to early May 1829. In March-April 1829, Pushkin met here with A. Mickiewicz. A memorial plaque was erected in memory of these meetings. In July 1829, Kopp moved his hotel to the house of D.W. Chertkova on Tverskaya. The England Hotel, maintained by Pecker and Co., was also opened here. Pushkin stayed in “England” four times: September 20 - October 12, 1829, March-July 1830, December 5, 1830 - early 1831, September 21 - October 10, 1832. Pushkin wrote a number of poems in this house : “Road Complaints”, “Caucasus”, “Monastery in the Caucasus”, “Onegin’s Journey” was started here.

Strastnoy Blvd., 10
Pushkin loved to go to the University Bookstore. It was maintained by the famous bookseller and publisher A.S. Shiryaev. They not only sold books here, but also kept a library.
The editor of Moskovskie Vedomosti, P.I., rented an apartment on the second floor of the house. Shalikov.

Degtyarny lane, 4
In this house, which belonged to Professor S.P. Shevyrev, Pushkin visited more than once. In their views, they belonged to different schools, different directions, but this did not prevent them from treating each other with respect.
In one of his letters to his wife, Pushkin wrote: “Yesterday I drank in your health at Kireyevsky’s with Shevyrev and Sobolevsky.” Another no less famous professor of Moscow University, M.P., also rented an apartment in the same house. Pogodin. In 1826-30. Pushkin came here more than once and talked with him for a long time, not only about literary subjects, but also about the history of Russia.

Vorotnikovsky lane, 12
On May 4, 1836, Pushkin came to P.V. Nashchokin, who rented an apartment here in Mrs. Ivanova’s house. It was a one-story stone house with a wooden mezzanine with three windows. Pushkin spends whole days with his owner in conversations: “Nashchokin gets up late, I chat with him - lo and behold, it’s time for lunch, and then dinner, and then sleep - and the day has passed.” Pavel Voinovich’s wife, Vera Aleksandrovna Nashchokina, recalled: “I still remember those happy hours that the three of us spent in endless conversations, sitting in the evening in my room on a Turkish sofa, with our legs tucked under us.” Pushkin himself wrote in a letter to his wife: “We, of course, were very happy with each other and spent the whole day yesterday chatting about God knows what.”

Bolshoy Karetny lane, 24
The estate, of which only an outbuilding has survived. During Pushkin’s time it belonged to I.S.’s mother. Turgenev - V.P. Turgeneva. The family of A.G.’s parents rented an apartment in the house. Muravyova. In January 1827, Pushkin came here to convey to Alexandrina Grigorievna, who was leaving to join her husband in Siberia, the poem “In the depths of the Siberian ores..” and a message “To I.I. Pushchin.”

Bolshoi Karetny Lane, 16
A small house in the backyard. In the time of Pushkin, it was an estate with vegetable gardens stretching to the boulevard. Since 1830, it was owned by the actor M.S. Shchepkin. Pushkin met with the great actors and repeatedly mentioned this in his letters.

Stoleshnikov lane, 12
In January 1827, Pushkin was interrogated in his office by Chief of Police D.I. Shulgin.

Stoleshnikov lane, 14
The house has not survived. In the fall of 1826, Pushkin was in the house of prof. M.Ya. Malova met after many years with E.A. Baratynsky. In one of his letters to his wife dated September 30, 1832, Pushkin wrote: “Who tells you that I don’t visit Baratynsky? I spend the evening with him today, and yesterday I visited him. We see each other every day.”

Petrovka, 3
October 24, 1826 in the house of S.A. Khomyakov in honor of the founding of the Moskovsky Vestnik magazine, its editor M.P. Pogodin organized a common lunch for all employees. A.S. was here. Pushkin, A. Mitskevich, E.A. Baratynsky, S.P. Shevyrev and others.
When a review of “Boris Godunov” appeared in the magazine, A.S. Pushkin wrote to the publisher: “Thank you for the participation you take in the fate of Godunov; your impatience to see him is very flattering for my pride...”.

Teatralnaya Square
Pushkin visited the Bolshoi Theater for the first time on September 12, 1826. On that day, A.A.’s comedy was staged. Shakhovsky "Aristophanes". Since then he has been here several times. His works were also shown: “Prisoner of the Caucasus”, “Ruslan and Lyudmila”, etc. Pushkin also visited the Maly Theater. At the theater on September 21, 1832, he watched a performance by a French troupe, about which he wrote to his wife: “... I almost fell asleep from boredom and fatigue.”

But where Melpomene is stormy
A long howl is heard,
Where he waves his tinsel robe
She is in front of a cold crowd,
Where Thalia sleeps quietly
And he doesn’t listen to friendly splashes,
Where is Terpsichore the only one
The young spectator marvels
(Which was also the case in previous years,
In your time and mine)...
A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin". 1823-1831

“Poets of Pushkin’s time” - “Baratynsky,” Pushkin asserted, “is one of our excellent poets. How do we remember Baratynsky? Kuchelbecker V.K. Baratynsky and Pushkin. Batyushkov and Pushkin In 1814, Batyushkov met lyceum student Pushkin. K. N. Batyushkov. Baratynsky E.A. Ryleev K.F. It was Delvig who in April 1825 visited the exiled Pushkin in Mikhailovskoye.

"Battle of Moscow" - Battle of Moscow. On June 22, 1941, Nazi Germany attacked the USSR without declaring war. In the central direction, German troops were rushing towards Moscow... By February 1942, the Nazi troops were thrown back from Moscow to a distance of 250 km. In German and Western military history it is known as "Operation Typhoon".

“Battle for Moscow” - One of the largest Soviet military leaders. Chuikov V.I. Four times hero of the Soviet Union. Volgograd. Battle of Prokhorovka. Kursk Belarus. In 1939, he commanded Soviet troops on the Khalkhin Gol River. Marshal of the Soviet Union. K. Simonov. Soviet military leader. The beginning of the battle of Moscow.

“Moscow is a hero city” - Anti-tank hedgehogs on the streets of Moscow. Muscovites at the construction of barricades. Muscovites are digging anti-tank trenches on the outskirts of the city. On May 8, 1965, the city of Moscow was awarded the title of “Hero City”. This is what the Moscow region looked like after the battles. Battle of Moscow (September 30, 1941 - April 20, 1942). MOSCOW IS A HERO CITY.

“Moscow Sights” - Cathedral of Christ the Savior. The interior contains frescoes from the 16th century. Sights of Moscow. The cathedral took 44 years to build and was opened only in 1883. Novodevichy Convent. St. Basil's Cathedral. The monastery ensemble is an outstanding architectural monument of the 16th-17th centuries. The cathedral was built in the likeness of the Assumption Cathedral in Moscow.

“Moscow Buildings” - Moscow is the capital of our homeland. Today the Tretyakov Gallery's collection consists of more than 40,000 works of art. The main stand is the Western one. FC Lokomotiv stadium is located in Moscow. Big theater. Airports. Red Square. The Kremlin is a landmark of Moscow. Forests and parks of Moscow. Vnukovo International Airport is located on the territory of Moscow.

Take a fascinating tour of Pushkin's places, visit the A.S. Museum-Reserve. Pushkin, Svyatogorsk Assumption Monastery, Holy Dormition Pskovo-Pechersky Monastery, and an unforgettable excursion to Izborsk with a visit to the Slovenian Springs awaits you!!!

PROGRAM

1 day.
Evening departure from Moscow to Pskov.

Day 2.
Arrival at the railway railway station in Pskov. Meeting of the group with a tour guide. Breakfast in a city cafe. Sightseeing bus and walking tour of the city“Pskov-outpost and defender of the Russian land”: Pskov Kremlin, Dovmontov city, Trinity Cathedral.
Excursion “Fortress architecture of the Pskov region”(acquaintance with the history and development of Russian defense architecture - fortresses of the 14th century (Izborsk) and 16th century (Pechory), the active Pechora Monastery - 60 km from Pskov. Arrival in Izborsk.

Excursion to the Izborsky Nature Reserve with inspection of the Izborsk fortress, Slovenian springs.
Lunch at a city cafe.
Excursion to male active Holy Dormition Pskovo-Pechersky Monastery, acquaintance with shrines and attractions.
Evening return to Pskov. Hotel accommodation. Free time. Dinner.

Day 3.
Breakfast at the hotel. Release of rooms.
Excursion to the State Memorial Historical-Literary and Natural Landscape Museum-Reserve named after. A.S. Pushkin in the Pushkin Mountains. Pushkinskiye Gory is located 120 km southeast of Pskov in the very center of the Pskov region. Throughout his life A.S. Pushkin carried an ardent love for this beautiful corner of the Russian land. Here he spent two years of exile (1824-1826). Here, “closer to the sweet limit,” he bequeathed to bury his ashes. Here Pushkin wrote over a hundred works of art.

1) Mikhailovskoye Estate(the family estate of A.S. Pushkin’s mother, his poetic homeland, the place of the poet’s spiritual formation): a visit to the Pushkin house-museum, the “nanny’s house”, a walk through the parks of the reserve.
2) Visit to the Svyatogorsk Monastery and the poet’s grave.
Dinner. Next is the continuation of the excursion program.
3) Trigorskoye Estate- the former estate of Pushkin’s closest neighbors and friends Osipov-Wulf. During his visits to Mikhailovskoye, Pushkin always visited his Trigorsk friends; there was a large library here, which especially attracted the attention of the poet. Now it has been recreated again; books published under Pushkin and in pre-Pushkin times are stored in it. Trigorsky Park is a wonderful example of landscape gardening art of the second half of the 18th century.
To this day, many picturesque corners associated with Pushkin’s stay in Trigorskoye have been well preserved in the park. At the very edge of a steep cliff to the Soroti River, under the shade of centuries-old oaks and linden trees, there is a white garden bench. This place in the park is called “Onegin’s bench”. From here there is a magnificent view of the picturesque valleys of Soroti, the road to Mikhailovskoye, along which Pushkin passed, is clearly visible.
Among Trigorsky’s park surprises is a “green dance hall,” from where, through a humpbacked bridge, the road leads to the “spruce tent,” a century-old tree glorified by Pushkin. Unfortunately, this spruce died, but a new, specially selected one was planted in its place. From the old days, what remains in the park is a round area lined with oak trees - a “sundial”; you can tell the time on sunny days by the shadow of a pillar dug in the center of the area.
Arrival in Pskov by train. railway station.
Evening train departure to Moscow.
Morning arrival in Moscow

Note:

When visiting the Trinity Cathedral and the Pskovo-Pechersky Monastery, it is advisable to have skirts and hats;
When visiting the Holy Slavic Springs, you can take an empty container for Holy water;
To feed the swans in Izborsk, you can take bread with you.

Tour cost:

Additional payment for an adult in a school group is: 500 rubles/person.

The tour price includes:

Accommodation at the Avatar Hotel,
Meals according to the program
Transport services (bus for excursions + meeting and seeing off at the station),
Guide accompaniment, tour guide,
Excursion program, including entrance tickets to museums.

Additional charges:

Railway reserved seat travel Moscow - Pskov - Moscow (from 3500 rubles / student);
Medical insurance 150 rubles;

At your request, the program route can be coordinated!

We wish you a pleasant stay and bright impressions!!!